socket基本知识
网络上的两个程序通过一个双向的通信连接实现数据的交换，这个连接的一端称为一个socket。建立网络通信连接至少要一对端口号(socket)。socket本质是编程接口(API)，对TCP/IP的封装，TCP/IP也要提供可供程序员做网络开发所用的接口，这就是Socket编程接口；HTTP是轿车，提供了封装或者显示数据的具体形式；Socket是发动机，提供了网络通信的能力。
Java Socket的通信时序图如下。
Java Socket的数据通信模型如下。
Java编程
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通信步骤
Server端 |
Client端 |
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代码实例
public class TestServer { public static final String datePattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss SSS"; public static final SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat(datePattern);
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { //1.创建一个server socket服务 ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(); //2.绑定端口 InetSocketAddress address = new InetSocketAddress("localhost", 18824); serverSocket.bind(address); //3.等待和接收端口的通信请求，返回的是一个socket PrintConsoleMsg("等待连接..."); Socket socket = serverSocket.accept(); PrintConsoleMsg("连接成功！");
//服务端的输入与输出 BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream())); PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream(), true); //true表示autoflush
//获取键盘输入 BufferedReader keyboard = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
while(true) { if(reader.ready()) { //捕获client的socket发来的消息 PrintClientMsg(reader.readLine()); } if(keyboard.ready()) { //捕获当前server的键盘输入 String content = keyboard.readLine(); //打印在server的屏幕 PrintConsoleMsg(content); //发送到client writer.println(content); } }
}
public static void PrintConsoleMsg(String msg) { System.out.println("Server:\t" + dateFormat.format(new Date()) + "\t" + msg); }
public static void PrintClientMsg(String msg) { System.out.println("Client:\t" + dateFormat.format(new Date()) + "\t" + msg); } } |
public class TestClient { public static final String datePattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss SSS"; public static final SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat(datePattern); public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException, IOException {
//1.创建一个socket Socket socket = new Socket(); //2.连接server的IP:端口 InetSocketAddress address = new InetSocketAddress("localhost", 18824); socket.connect(address); //3.client socket的输入流和输出流 BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream())); PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream(),true); //当前client的键盘输入流 BufferedReader keyboard = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
while(true) { if(reader.ready()) { PrintServerMsg(reader.readLine()); } if(keyboard.ready()) { String content = keyboard.readLine(); //打印在client的console PrintConsoleMsg(content); //发送给server writer.println(content); } } }
public static void PrintConsoleMsg(String msg) { System.out.println("Client:\t" + dateFormat.format(new Date()) + "\t" + msg); }
public static void PrintServerMsg(String msg) { System.out.println("Server:\t" + dateFormat.format(new Date()) + "\t" + msg); } } |
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运行结果
打开2个power shell分别作为server和client端。
运行server端
运行client进行连接
client输入信息，模拟通信
server输入回复信息
client输入回复信息
C++编程
待补充。
PS：word+cnblog发表博客first test。
有点弱鸡，排版，序号全乱了。