SAP S4 HANA 安装部署记事三:创建SAP HANA数据库主机系统

需要咋样的主机，需要SAP的工具进行计算，如果自己采购硬件就需要考虑至少5年的数据，如果采用云端的主机，则可以不用管那么多，反正可以弹性扩展，我们选择的AWS的主机，开始也采用最小的256G主机。
1.创建EC2主机
这些步骤很简单，创建VPC,创建子网，创建intenet网关，设置路由表，创建主机，创建弹性ip地址绑定到新申请的主机。
完成这些就可以在控制台中启动主机，你可以使用证书和putty登陆主机（这个地方需要将pem证书转换为ppk)，登陆默认用户为ec2-user
成功连接后的第一步更改root密码：sudo passwd root
su root --以root登陆
passwd ec2-user--修改ec2-user的密码
修改主机的名称为sapdev
vim /etc/hostname

2.硬盘规划
因为是开发用，所以硬盘不需要很大，规划的各卷大小如下：
/os 10G
/usr/sap 50g
/haha/data 300G
/hana/log  150G
/hana/shared 256G
/hana/backup 450G 
--AWS中创建5个EBS卷（存放data log shared的大小最好为334g或667G），并将这些磁盘挂载到EC2主机
devapp 50G gp2
devdata1 334G gp2
devdata2 334G gp2
devdata3 334G gp2
devbackup 500G st1
--将这些卷附加到新申请的主机上；

3.磁盘分区格式化
fdisk -l
sapdevhana:/home/ec2-user # fdisk -l
Disk /dev/xvda: 10 GiB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xd17614bd
Device     Boot  Start      End  Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/xvda1        2048   616447   614400  300M 83 Linux
/dev/xvda2      616448 20971519 20355072  9.7G 83 Linux
Disk /dev/xvdf: 50 GiB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/xvdg: 334 GiB, 358629769216 bytes, 700448768 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/xvdh: 334 GiB, 358629769216 bytes, 700448768 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/xvdi: 334 GiB, 358629769216 bytes, 700448768 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/xvdj: 500 GiB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

--格式化系统盘
sapdevhana:/home/ec2-user # mkfs.xfs -f /dev/xvdf

--LVM
sapdevhana:/home/ec2-user # lsblk
NAME    MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
xvda    202:0    0   10G  0 disk
├─xvda1 202:1    0  300M  0 part /boot
└─xvda2 202:2    0  9.7G  0 part /
xvdf    202:80   0   50G  0 disk
xvdg    202:96   0  334G  0 disk
xvdh    202:112  0  334G  0 disk
xvdi    202:128  0  334G  0 disk
xvdj    202:144  0  500G  0 disk
--创建设备
sapdevhana:/home/ec2-user # pvcreate /dev/xvdg /dev/xvdh /dev/xvdj /dev/xvdi
  Physical volume "/dev/xvdg" successfully created.
  Physical volume "/dev/xvdh" successfully created.
  Physical volume "/dev/xvdj" successfully created.
  Physical volume "/dev/xvdi" successfully created.

--创建卷组（备份和数据分开，因为两种磁盘选择的类型不同）
sapdevhana:/home/ec2-user # vgcreate vghahadata /dev/xvdg /dev/xvdh /dev/xvdi
  Volume group "vghahadata" successfully created
sapdevhana:/home/ec2-user # vgcreate vghanabackup /dev/xvdj
  Volume group "vghanabackup" successfully created

--lvcreate 创建逻辑卷
sapdevhana:/home/ec2-user # lvcreate -n lvhanadata -L 300G vghahadata
  Logical volume "lvhanadata" created.
sapdevhana:/home/ec2-user # lvcreate -n lvhanalog -L 150G vghahadata
  Logical volume "lvhanalog" created.
sapdevhana:/home/ec2-user # lvcreate -n lvhanashared -L 256G vghahadata
  Logical volume "lvhanashared" created.
sapdevhana:/home/ec2-user # lvcreate -n lvhanabackup -L 450G vghanabackup
  Logical volume "lvhanabackup" created.
sapdevhana:/home/ec2-user #

--格式化逻辑卷 
sapdevhana:/home/ec2-user # mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/vghahadata-lvhanadata
sapdevhana:/home/ec2-user # mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/vghahadata-lvhanalog
sapdevhana:/home/ec2-user # mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/vghahadata-lvhanashared
sapdevhana:/home/ec2-user # mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/vghanabackup-lvhanabackup
这个时候我们df -h还是看不到的，需要挂载

--创建目录
mkdir /hana /hana/log /hana/data /hana/shared /hana/backup /usr/sap
--创建swap
sapdevhana:/home/ec2-user # mkswap /dev/xvdk
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 200 GiB (214748360704 bytes)
no label, UUID=01d4b696-474d-446e-9d9a-0a2b909aa698
sapdevhana:/home/ec2-user # swapon /dev/xvdk
sapdevhana:/home/ec2-user # swapon -s
Filename                                Type            Size    Used    Priority
/dev/xvdk                               partition       209715196       0       -1

--修改fstab自动挂载
/dev/xvdf /usr/sap xfs defaults 1 1
/dev/mapper/vghahadata-lvhanadata  /hana/data xfs defaults 1 1
/dev/mapper/vghahadata-lvhanalog  /hana/log xfs defaults 1 1
/dev/mapper/vghahadata-lvhanashared /hana/shared xfs dets 1 1
/dev/mapper/vghanabackup-lvhanabackup /hana/backup xfs defaults 1 1
/dev/xvdk swap swap default 0 0

--挂载
sapdevhana:/mount -a

--查看结果
sapdevhana:/hana # df -h
Filesystem                             Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                               121G     0  121G   0% /dev
tmpfs                                  121G     0  121G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                                  121G   18M  121G   1% /run
tmpfs                                  121G     0  121G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/xvda2                             9.7G  1.4G  8.4G  14% /
/dev/xvda1                             297M   71M  227M  24% /boot
tmpfs                                   25G     0   25G   0% /run/user/1000
/dev/xvdf                               50G   33M   50G   1% /usr/sap
/dev/mapper/vghahadata-lvhanadata      300G   33M  300G   1% /hana/data
/dev/mapper/vghahadata-lvhanalog       150G   33M  150G   1% /hana/log
/dev/mapper/vghahadata-lvhanashared    256G   33M  256G   1% /hana/shared
/dev/mapper/vghanabackup-lvhanabackup  450G   33M  450G   1% /hana/backup

sapdevhana:/hana # lsblk
NAME                        MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
xvda                        202:0    0   10G  0 disk
├─xvda1                     202:1    0  300M  0 part /boot
└─xvda2                     202:2    0  9.7G  0 part /
xvdf                        202:80   0   50G  0 disk /usr/sap
xvdg                        202:96   0  334G  0 disk
└─vghahadata-lvhanadata     254:0    0  300G  0 lvm  /hana/data
xvdh                        202:112  0  334G  0 disk
└─vghahadata-lvhanalog      254:1    0  150G  0 lvm  /hana/log
xvdi                        202:128  0  334G  0 disk
└─vghahadata-lvhanashared   254:2    0  256G  0 lvm  /hana/shared
xvdj                        202:144  0  500G  0 disk
└─vghanabackup-lvhanabackup 254:3    0  450G  0 lvm  /hana/backup
xvdk                        202:160  0  200G  0 disk [SWAP]

4.系统配置
HANA主机操作系统使用的是SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP4
sapdevhana:/home/ec2-user # cat /etc/os-release
NAME="SLES"
VERSION="12-SP4"
VERSION_ID="12.4"
PRETTY_NAME="SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP4"
ID="sles"
ANSI_COLOR="0;32"
CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:suse:sles:12:sp4"

--看看是否有补丁更新
sapdevhana:/home/ec2-user # sudo zypper list-patches
Refreshing service 'cloud_update'.
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...
No updates found.
sudo zypper patch --category=security,recommended --severity=critical,important --dry-run
sudo zypper patch --category=security,recommended --severity=critical,important

--修改主机名
修改规划的HANA数据库主机，应用主机名，并在hosts中将ip地址和主机名的关系维护好
--假设主机和ip定义如下
192.168.0.11   sapdevapp`  
192.168.0.12   sapdevhana
sapdev:/hana # vi /etc/hostname
dapdev:/hana # vi /etc/hosts 

到这里SAP HANA的主机已经准备好，可以具备安装SAP HANA的条件。