ESP8266学习笔记（13）——HTTP服务器

其他 2019-10-26 10:52:46 阅读次数: 0
版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，遵循 CC 4.0 BY-SA 版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接和本声明。
本文链接： https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36347513/article/details/99642115

一、背景

首先手机APP连接智能插座热点（AP）将网关的SSID和密码通过HTTP协议配置到插座，完成配置后智能插座连接网关。

Post请求和Get请求：

二、流程

2.1 定义相关变量及宏

/*********************************************************************
 * LOCAL VARIABLES
 */
static struct espconn s_httpSvrTcpEspconn;	// HTTP服务器TCP连接结构体

/*********************************************************************
 * DEFINITIONS
 */
#define URL_SIZE					20
#define REQUEST_DATA_SIZE			1024
#define RESPONSE_DATA_SIZE			256

#define GET		0
#define POST	1

#define HTTP_SERVER_RESPONSE_FRAME "HTTP/1.0 %s\r\n\
Content-Length: %d\r\n\
Server: lwIP/1.4.0\r\n\
Content-type: application/json\r\n\
Expires: Fri, 10 Apr 2008 14:00:00 GMT\r\n\
Pragma: no-cache\r\n\r\n\
%s"

/*********************************************************************
 * TYPEDEFS
 */
typedef struct urlFrame_t
{
    uint8 type;
    char select[URL_SIZE];
    char command[URL_SIZE];
    char filename[URL_SIZE];
} UrlFrame_t;

2.2 初始化HTTP服务器

/*********************************************************************
 * PUBLIC FUNCTIONS
 */
/**
 @brief HTTP服务器初始化
 @param 无
 @return 无
*/
void ICACHE_FLASH_ATTR
HttpServerInit(void)
{
	s_httpSvrTcpEspconn.type = ESPCONN_TCP;
	s_httpSvrTcpEspconn.state = ESPCONN_NONE;
	s_httpSvrTcpEspconn.proto.tcp = (esp_tcp *) os_zalloc(sizeof(esp_tcp));
	s_httpSvrTcpEspconn.proto.tcp->local_port = 80;
    espconn_regist_connectcb(&s_httpSvrTcpEspconn, connectCallback);

    espconn_accept(&s_httpSvrTcpEspconn);    // 开启监听
}

/*********************************************************************
 * LOCAL FUNCTIONS
 */
/**
 @brief 连接成功的回调函数
 @param arg -[in] 指向传递给这个回调函数来使用的参数
 @return 无
*/
static void ICACHE_FLASH_ATTR
connectCallback(void *arg)
{
    struct espconn *pEspconn = arg;

    espconn_regist_recvcb(pEspconn, receiveDataCallback);
    espconn_regist_disconcb(pEspconn, disconnectCallback);
}

/**
 @brief 接收数据的回调函数
 @param arg -[in] 指向传递给这个回调函数来使用的参数
 @param pData -[in] 接收的数据
 @param len -[in] 接收的数据长度
 @return 无
*/
static void ICACHE_FLASH_ATTR
receiveDataCallback(void *arg, char *pData, unsigned short len)
{
	if(checkDataIntegrity(pData, len) == false)
	{
		return ;
	}
	os_printf("recvData:  %s\n", pData);

	UrlFrame_t urlFrame;
	char requestData[REQUEST_DATA_SIZE] = {0};

	findRequestData(pData, requestData);
	parseUrl(pData, &urlFrame);

	switch(urlFrame.type)
	{
	case GET:
		os_printf("We have a GET request.\n");
		handleGetUrlPath(&urlFrame, requestData);
		break;
	case POST:
		os_printf("We have a POST request.\n");
		handlePostUrlPath(&urlFrame, requestData);
		break;
	default:
		break;
	}
}

/**
 @brief 断连的回调函数
 @param arg -[in] 指向传递给这个回调函数来使用的参数
 @return 无
*/
static void ICACHE_FLASH_ATTR
disconnectCallback(void *arg)
{
	struct espconn *pEspconn = arg;

    os_printf("httpserver's %d.%d.%d.%d:%d disconnect\n",
    			pEspconn->proto.tcp->remote_ip[0], pEspconn->proto.tcp->remote_ip[1],
				pEspconn->proto.tcp->remote_ip[2], pEspconn->proto.tcp->remote_ip[3],
				pEspconn->proto.tcp->remote_port);
}

2.3 处理接收数据

2.3.1 检查数据完整性

/**
 @brief 检查数据完整性
 @param pRecvData -[in] 接收的数据
 @param recvDatalen -[in] 接收的数据长度
 @return 1 - 数据完整；0 - 数据缺失
*/
static bool ICACHE_FLASH_ATTR
checkDataIntegrity(char *pRecvData, uint16 recvDatalen)
{
	if(!pRecvData)
	{
		return false;
	}

    char lenBuffer[10] = {0};
    char *pTemp = NULL;
    char *pData = NULL;
    char *pTempRecvData;
    uint16 tempLen = recvDatalen;
    uint32 tempTotalLen = 0;
    uint32 dataSumLen = 0;

    pTemp = (char *) os_strstr(pRecvData, "\r\n\r\n");

    if(pTemp != NULL)
    {
    	tempLen -= pTemp - pRecvData;
    	tempLen -= 4;
    	tempTotalLen += tempLen;

        pData = (char *) os_strstr(pRecvData, "Content-Length: ");

        if(pData != NULL)
        {
            pData += 16;
            pTempRecvData = (char *) os_strstr(pData, "\r\n");

            if(pTempRecvData != NULL)
            {
                os_memcpy(lenBuffer, pData, pTempRecvData - pData);
                dataSumLen = atoi(lenBuffer);
                os_printf("A_dat:%u,total:%u,lenght:%u\n",dataSumLen, tempTotalLen, tempLen);

                if(dataSumLen != tempTotalLen)
                {
                    return false;
                }

                return true;
            }
        }
        else
        {
        	return true;
        }
    }

    return false;
}

2.3.2 查找请求数据

/**
 @brief 查找请求数据
 @param pRecvData -[in] 接收的数据
 @param pRequestData -[in&out] 请求的数据
 @return 无
*/
static void ICACHE_FLASH_ATTR
findRequestData(char *pRecvData, char *pRequestData)
{
	char *pRequestDataStart = NULL;
	char *pRequestDataEnd = NULL;

	pRequestDataStart = strchr(pRecvData, '{');
	if(pRequestDataStart != NULL)
	{
		pRequestDataEnd = strrchr(pRecvData, '}');
		if(pRequestDataEnd != NULL)
		{
			os_memcpy(pRequestData, pRequestDataStart, pRequestDataEnd - pRequestDataStart + 1);
		}
	}

	pRequestData[pRequestDataEnd - pRequestDataStart + 1] = '\0';
}

2.3.3 解析URL

/**
 @brief 解析URL
 @param pRecvData -[in] 接收的数据
 @param pUrlFrame -[in&out] URL框架
 @return 无
*/
static void ICACHE_FLASH_ATTR
parseUrl(char *pRecvData, UrlFrame_t *pUrlFrame)
{
	if(pUrlFrame == NULL || pRecvData == NULL)
	{
		return ;
	}

	char *pStr = NULL;
	uint8 length = 0;
	char *pBuffer = NULL;
	char *pBuf = NULL;

	pBuffer = (char *) os_strstr(pRecvData, "Host:");

	if(pBuffer != NULL)
	{
		length = pBuffer - pRecvData;
		pBuf = (char *)os_zalloc(length + 1);
		pBuffer = pBuf;
		os_memcpy(pBuffer, pRecvData, length);
		os_memset(pUrlFrame->select, 0, URL_SIZE);
		os_memset(pUrlFrame->command, 0, URL_SIZE);
		os_memset(pUrlFrame->filename, 0, URL_SIZE);

		if(os_strncmp(pBuffer, "GET ", 4) == 0)
		{
			pUrlFrame->type = GET;
			pBuffer += 4;
		}
		else if(os_strncmp(pBuffer, "POST ", 5) == 0)
		{
			pUrlFrame->type = POST;
			pBuffer += 5;
		}

		pBuffer++;
		pStr = (char *) os_strstr(pBuffer, "?");

		if(pStr != NULL)
		{
			length = pStr - pBuffer;
			os_memcpy(pUrlFrame->select, pBuffer, length);
			pStr++;
			pBuffer = (char *) os_strstr(pStr, "=");

			if(pBuffer != NULL)
			{
				length = pBuffer - pStr;
				os_memcpy(pUrlFrame->command, pStr, length);
				pBuffer++;
				pStr = (char *) os_strstr(pBuffer, "&");

				if(pStr != NULL)
				{
					length = pStr - pBuffer;
					os_memcpy(pUrlFrame->filename, pBuffer, length);
				}
				else
				{
					pStr = (char *) os_strstr(pBuffer, " HTTP");

					if(pStr != NULL)
					{
						length = pStr - pBuffer;
						os_memcpy(pUrlFrame->filename, pBuffer, length);
					}
				}
			}
		}

		os_free(pBuf);
	}
}

2.3.4 解析GET请求URL

cJSON使用查看 ESP8266学习笔记（8）——第三方库cJSON使用

以查询继电器状态为例
HTTP Header中
GET /config?command=switch HTTP/1.1

/**
 @brief 处理GET请求URL路径
 @param pUrlFrame -[in] URL框架
 @param pRequestData -[in] 请求的数据
 @return 无
*/
static void ICACHE_FLASH_ATTR
handleGetUrlPath(UrlFrame_t *pUrlFrame, char *pRequestData)
{
    os_printf("Type:%d, Select:%s, Command:%s, Filename:%s ",
	pUrlFrame->type, pUrlFrame->select, pUrlFrame->command, pUrlFrame->filename);
	if(os_strcmp(pUrlFrame->select, "config") == 0)
	{
		if(os_strcmp(pUrlFrame->command, "command") == 0)
		{
			if(os_strcmp(pUrlFrame->filename, "switch") == 0)
			{
				sendRelayStatusResponse();
			}
		}
	}
}

2.3.4.1 封装继电器状态响应包

/**
 @brief 发送继电器状态响应
 @param pRequestData -[in] 请求的数据
 @return 无
*/
static void ICACHE_FLASH_ATTR
sendRelayStatusResponse(void)
{
	char sendData[RESPONSE_DATA_SIZE] = {0};
	jsonPackageRelayStatusData(true, sendData);
	sendGetResponse(true, sendData);
}

/**
 @brief JSON格式封装继电器状态数据
 @param responseOk -[in] 响应是否成功
 @param pSendData -[in&out] 要封装的发送数据
 @return 无
*/
static void ICACHE_FLASH_ATTR
jsonPackageRelayStatusData(bool responseOk, char *pSendData)
{
	if(!pSendData)
	{
		return ;
	}

	cJSON *pRoot = cJSON_CreateObject();

	uint16 statusCode;

	if(responseOk)
	{
		statusCode = 200;
	}
	else
	{
		statusCode = 400;
	}

	cJSON_AddNumberToObject(pRoot, "status", statusCode);
	cJSON_AddNumberToObject(pRoot, "switch", GetRelayStatus()); // 加入自己的获取继电器状态函数
	char *tempBuffer = cJSON_Print(pRoot);
	os_sprintf(pSendData, "%s", tempBuffer);

	os_free((void *) tempBuffer);
	cJSON_Delete(pRoot);
}

2.3.4.2 发送继电器状态响应包

/**
 @brief 发送GET请求HTTP响应
 @param responseOk -[in] 响应是否成功
 @param pResponseData -[in] 响应数据
 @return 无
*/
static void ICACHE_FLASH_ATTR
sendGetResponse(bool responseOk, char *pResponseData)
{
    char sendData[RESPONSE_DATA_SIZE] = {0};
    char responseCode[15] = {0};

	if(responseOk)
    {
		os_sprintf(responseCode, "200 OK", os_strlen(responseCode));
    }
	else
	{
		os_sprintf(responseCode, "400 BadRequest", os_strlen(responseCode));
	}

	os_sprintf(sendData, HTTP_SERVER_RESPONSE_FRAME, responseCode, os_strlen(pResponseData), pResponseData);

	espconn_sent(&s_httpSvrTcpEspconn, sendData, os_strlen(sendData));
}

2.3.5 解析POST请求URL

cJSON使用查看 ESP8266学习笔记（8）——第三方库cJSON使用
以设置继电器状态为例
HTTP Header中
POST /config?command=switch HTTP/1.1

/**
 @brief 处理POST请求URL路径
 @param pUrlFrame -[in] URL框架
 @param pRequestData -[in] 请求的数据
 @return 无
*/
static void ICACHE_FLASH_ATTR
handlePostUrlPath(UrlFrame_t *pUrlFrame, char *pRequestData)
{
    os_printf("Type:%d, Select:%s, Command:%s, Filename:%s ",
	pUrlFrame->type, pUrlFrame->select, pUrlFrame->command, pUrlFrame->filename);

	if(os_strcmp(pUrlFrame->select, "config") == 0)
	{
		if(os_strcmp(pUrlFrame->command, "command") == 0)
		{
			if(os_strcmp(pUrlFrame->filename, "switch") == 0)
			{
				configRelayStatus(pRequestData);
			}
		}
	}
}

2.3.5.1 解析设置继电器状态

/**
 @brief 配置继电器开关接口
 @param pRequestData -[in] 请求的数据
 @return 无
*/
static void ICACHE_FLASH_ATTR
configRelayStatus(char *pRequestData)
{
	if(!pRequestData)
	{
		return ;
	}

	cJSON *pRoot = cJSON_Parse(pRequestData);
	if(!pRoot)
	{
		return ;
	}

	char sendData[RESPONSE_DATA_SIZE] = {0};
	cJSON *pRequest = cJSON_GetObjectItem(pRoot, "request");      					// 解析request字段内容
	if(!pRequest)
	{
		os_sprintf(sendData, "%s", "No request Item");
		sendPostResponse(false, sendData);
		cJSON_Delete(pRoot);
		return ;
	}

	cJSON *pStatus = cJSON_GetObjectItem(pRequest, "status");         				// 解析request子节点status字段内容
	if(!pStatus)
	{
		os_sprintf(sendData, "%s", "No status Item");
		sendPostResponse(false, sendData);
		cJSON_Delete(pRoot);
		return ;
	}

	uint8 relayStatus = pStatus->valueint;
	SetRelayStatus(relayStatus);	  // 加入自己设置继电器状态函数												// 设置继电器状态

	os_sprintf(sendData, "%s", "Config switch succeed");
	sendPostResponse(true, sendData);
	cJSON_Delete(pRoot);
}

2.3.5.2 发送响应包

/**
 @brief 发送POST请求的HTTP响应
 @param responseOk -[in] 响应是否成功
 @param pResponseData -[in] 响应数据
 @return 无
*/
static void ICACHE_FLASH_ATTR
sendPostResponse(bool responseOk, char *pResponseData)
{
    char sendData[RESPONSE_DATA_SIZE] = {0};
    char responseCode[15] = {0};

    jsonPackageResponseData(responseOk, pResponseData);

	if(responseOk)
    {
		os_sprintf(responseCode, "200 OK", os_strlen(responseCode));
    }
	else
	{
		os_sprintf(responseCode, "400 BadRequest", os_strlen(responseCode));
	}

	os_sprintf(sendData, HTTP_SERVER_RESPONSE_FRAME, responseCode, os_strlen(pResponseData), pResponseData);

	espconn_sent(&s_httpSvrTcpEspconn, sendData, os_strlen(sendData));
}

三、使用方法

• 由 Leung 写于 2019 年 8 月 15 日

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