hylan:whiptail的用法

应用场景：当你在终端环境下安装新的软件时，你可能经常看到信息对话框弹出，需要你和它交互。对话框的类型有表单、密码框、菜单等等。它们可以引导你以一种直观的方式输入必要的信息，使用这样用户友好的对话框的好处显而易见。

whiptail可以在shell脚本中创建基于终端的对话框、消息框。预先安装在所有的Linux发布版本中。类似于Zenity或xdialog GUI脚本代码。

在交互式shell脚本创建有用的对话框是多么容易。下次需要写一个交互式的shell脚本，试着用whiptail哈。

whiptail使用中的提示：

Box options: --msgbox <text> <height> <width> --yesno <text> <height> <width> --infobox <text> <height> <width> --inputbox <text> <height> <width> [init] --passwordbox <text> <height> <width> [init] --textbox <file> <height> <width> --menu <text> <height> <width> <listheight> [tag item] ... --checklist <text> <height> <width> <listheight> [tag item status]... --radiolist <text> <height> <width> <listheight> [tag item status]... --gauge <text> <height> <width> <percent> Options: (depend on box-option) --clear clear screen on exit --defaultno default no button --default-item <string> set default string --fb, --fullbuttons use full buttons --nocancel no cancel button --yes-button <text> set text of yes button --no-button <text> set text of no button --ok-button <text> set text of ok button --cancel-button <text> set text of cancel button --noitem don't display items --notags don't display tags --separate-output output one line at a time --output-fd <fd> output to fd, not stdout --title <title> display title --backtitle <backtitle> display backtitle --scrolltext force vertical scrollbars --topleft put window in top-left corner -h, --help print this message -v, --version print version information

man whiptail

SYNOPSIS(简介)： whiptail [ --title title ] [ --backtitle backtitle ] [ --clear ] [
       --default-item string ] [ --defaultno ] [ --fb ] [ --nocancel ] [
       --yes-button text ] [ --no-button text ] [ --ok-button text ] [ --can‐
       cel-button text ] [ --noitem [ ] --output-fd fd ] [ --separate-output ]

[ --scrolltext ] [ --topleft ] box-options

BOX OPTIONS(框选项):

yesno选项框 --yesno text height width

提示框 --msgbox text height width

信息框 --infobox text height width

输入框 --inputbox text height width [init]

密码框 --passwordbox text height width [init]

文本框 --textbox file height width

菜单 --menu text height width menu-height [ tag item ] ...

清单 --checklist text height width list-height [ tag item status ] ...

选择列表 --radiolist text height width list-height [ tag item status ] ...

测量 --gauge text height width percent

1.（yesno）创建一个Yes/No对话框

语法： whiptail --title "<dialog box title>" --yesno "<text to show>" <height> <width>

用户输入yes或no的对话框。

例如：

if ( whiptail -- title "Title hylan:yesno" -- yesno "Choose between Yes and No." 10 60 ) then

echo "You chose Yes. Exit status was $?."

else

echo "You chose No. Exit status was $?."

又如：

if (whiptail --title "Title hylan:yesno" --yes-button "Hylan" --no-button "Candy" --yesno "Which do you like better?" 10 60) then

echo "You chose Hylan. Exit status was $?.";

echo "You Best!"

else

echo "You chose Candy. Exit status was $?.";

2.（msgbox）创建一个消息框

语法： whiptail --title "<message box title>" --msgbox "<text to show>" <height> <width>

一个消息框中显示一个确认按钮，继续任意的文本消息。

例如：

whiptail --title "Title hylan:msgbox" --msgbox "Create a message box with whiptail. Choose Ok to continue." 10 60

3.（inputbox）创建一个表单输入框

语法：whiptail --title "<input box title>" --inputbox "<text to show>" <height> <width> <default-text>

想用户输入任意的文本，您可以使用一个输入框。

例如：PET=$(whiptail --title "Title hylan:inputbox" --inputbox "What is your pet's name?" 10 60 hylancandy 3>&1 1>&2 2>&3)

4.（passwordbox）创建一个密码框

语法：whiptail --title "<password box title>" --passwordbox "<text to show>" <height> <width>

例如：PASSWORD=$(whiptail --title "Title hylan:passwordbox" --passwordbox "Enter your password and choose Ok to continue." 10 60 3>&1 1>&2 2>&3)

5.（menu）创建一个菜单栏

语法：whiptail --title "<menu title>" --menu "<text to show>" <height> <width> <menu height> [ <tag> <item> ] . . .

想让用户做一个任意数量的选择时，你可以使用菜单框。

例如：OPTION=$(whiptail --title "Title hylan:menu" --menu "Choose your option" 15 60 4 \
"1" "Grilled Spicy Sausage" \
"2" "Grilled Halloumi Cheese" \
"3" "Charcoaled Chicken Wings" \

"4" "Fried Aubergine" 3>&1 1>&2 2>&3)

6.（checklist）创建一个表对话框

语法：whiptail --title "<checklist title>" --checklist "<text to show>" <height> <width> <list height> [ <tag> <item> <status> ] . . .

例如：

DISTROS = $ ( whiptail -- title "Title hylan:checklist" -- checklist \

"Choose preferred Linux distros" 15 60 4 \

"debian" "Venerable Debian" ON \

"ubuntu" "Popular Ubuntu" OFF \

"centos" "Stable CentOS" ON \

"mint" "Rising Star Mint" OFF 3 > & 1 1 > & 2 2 > & 3 )

exitstatus = $ ?

if [ $ exitstatus = 0 ] ; then

echo "Your favorite distros are:" $ DISTROS

else

echo "You chose Cancel."

7.（radiolist）创建radiolist对话框

语法：whiptail --title "<radiolist title>" --radiolist "<text to show>" <height> <width> <list height> [ <tag> <item> <status> ] . . .

例如：DISTROS=$(whiptail --title "Title hylan:radiolist" --radiolist \
"What is the Linux distro of your choice?" 15 60 4 \
"debian" "Venerable Debian" ON \
"ubuntu" "Popular Ubuntu" OFF \
"centos" "Stable CentOS" OFF \
"mint" "Rising Star Mint" OFF 3>&1 1>&2 2>&3)

8.（gauge）创建一个进度条

语法：whiptail --gauge "<test to show>" <height> <width> <inital percent>

例如：

{

for ( ( i = 0 ; i <= 100 ; i += 20 ) ) ; do

sleep 1

echo $ i

done

} | whiptail -- gauge "Please wait while installing" 6 60 0