考试需要，但是老是忘记，所以发出来备忘~~~~~
这里写目录标题
1 高频考点：正面话题 (能力/事情/习惯/行为/品质/意识/习惯）
1.1 题干关键词与结构
① importance ②问如何做？③出现名言
1.2 开头段
While society (education/technology/economy/culture) is developing at a rapid rate,【——————】has become a formidable(difficult) challenge for many(myriads of) people.
虽然社会 (教育、科技、经济、文化）在高速发展， 【——————】成为无数人的严峻挑战。
Recent years have witnessed the increase in the number of people who【——————】 .
近年来，【——————】的人越来越多，这里写反向就行，比如题目说健身的重要性，这里就写缺少锻炼的人越来越多。
In light of this situation, a majority of experts suggest that we attach great importance to 【——————】and seek effective methods to 【——————/develop it】 .
鉴于这种情况，大多数专家建议我们高度重视__【——————】__，并寻求有效的方法来【——————/发展它】。
实际应用
While education is developing at a rapid rate, expressing ideas clearly in verbal communication has become a formidable challenge for myriads of people. In light of this situation, a majority of experts suggest that we attach great importance to speaking ability and seek effective methods to develop it.
虽然教育在高速发展， 在口头交流中清晰地表达想法成为无数人的严峻挑战。鉴于这种情况，大多数专家建议我们高
度重视口语能力，并寻求有效的方法来发展它。
1.3 主体段
找 “主题” 带来的 “好处”
A 利于 B：A is beneficial to B
A 为 B 打下坚实的基础：A can lay a solid foundation for
B A 在 B 中起着关键的作用：A plays a key role in B
A 是 B 的垫脚石: A is a stepping stone to B
B：
① satisfactory interpersonal relationships 满意的人际关系/ social life (社交生活）
② career success 职业成功/ job application 工作申请/ a higher salary 一份更高的薪水
③ academic success 学业成功/ improve academic performance 提高成绩
④ widen horizons/expand knowledge 开拓视野/拓展知识
⑤ improve critical thinking 提高批判性思维
⑥ improve interpersonal skills 提高人际交往能力
⑦ breed physical health and mental well-being 促进身心健康
举例:
to write a short essay on the importance of reading ability and how to develop it.
精湛的口头表达能力利于学业成功。
举例：
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the importance of speaking ability and how to develop it. (2018.6. 卷二)
While education is developing at a rapid rate, recent years have witnessed the increase in the number of people who lack the ability to expressing ideas clearly in verbal communication. In light of this situation, a majority of experts suggest that we attach great
importance to speaking ability and seek effective methods to develop it.
The reasons why speaking ability is of considerable importance are as follows. In the first place, if we intend to widen social circle, it is advisable to improve speaking skills.Besides, what is certain is that outstanding speaking ability is beneficial to career success.
Then how to hone speaking skills? Perhaps the first step is that individuals need to practice on a regular basis. Another necessary step is reading extensively to expand knowledge and enrich vocabulary. Lastly, it is suggested that attending speaking training courses can help individuals learn useful techniques to speak clearly and fluently. By combining above methods, we can achieve the aim.
In conclusion, there are many well-documented benefits of being eloquent and it is worth investing the effort to improve speaking ability.
虽然教育在快速发展，但近年来，越来越多的人缺乏在口头交流中清晰表达想法的能力。鉴于这种情况，大多数专家建议，我们应该高度重视口语能力，并寻求有效的方法来发展它。
为什么口语能力是相当重要的原因如下。如果我们想要拓展社交圈，最好提高口语能力。此外，可以肯定的是精湛的口语能力利于职业成功。那么如何打磨口语能力? 也许第一步是个人需要经常练习。另一个必要的步骤是广泛阅读，以扩大知识和丰富词汇。最后，建议参加口语培训课程可以帮助个人学习有用的技巧，以清晰流利地说话。通过结合以上方法，我们可以达到这个目的。
总之，有口才有很多有据可查的好处，并且值得投入精力来提高口语能力。
2 一起写范文【正面话题】
主段落框架：
The reasons why【—————】is of considerable importance are as follows. In the first place, if we intend to do, it is advisable to do. Besides, what is certain is that 【—————】 is beneficial to【—————】 . Then how to【—————】 ? Perhaps the first step is that individuals need to do sth.Another necessary step is【—————】. Lastly, it is suggested that 【—————】 can help sb do sth. By combining above methods, we can achieve the aim.
为什么【—————】是相当重要的原因如下。首先，如果我们打算【—————】，最好【—————】。此外，可以肯定的是 【—————】利于【—————】.那么如何【—————】___? 也许第一步是个人需要做某事。另一个必要的步骤是【—————】。最后，建议【—————】可以帮助某人做某事。通过结合以上方法，我们可以达到这个目的。
While education is developing at a rapid rate, recent years have witnessed the increase in the number of people who 【lack the ability to do /fail to do】. In light of this situation, a majority of experts suggest that we attach great importance to【—————】and seek effective methods to 【—————】.
虽然教育在快速发展，但近年来，越来越多的人 【—————】。鉴于这种情况，大多数专家建议，我们应该高度重视 【—————】，并寻求有效的方法来【—————】。
While education is developing at a rapid rate, recent years have witnessed the increase in the number of people who lack the ability to expressing ideas clearly in verbal communication. In light of this situation, a majority of experts suggest that we attach great importance to speaking ability and seek effective methods to develop it.
主体段：重要性+怎么做
重要性：
the reasons why 【—————】is of considerable importance are as follows. In the first place, if we intend to do[好处], it is advisable to do[主题词]. Besides, what is certain is that【—————[更好的 XXX ，例如更好的语言能力]】 is beneficial to 【—————[好处]】 .
为什么【—————】是相当重要的原因如下。首先，如果我们打算 【—————】 ，最好 【—————】。此外，可以肯定的是【—————】 利于【—————】 .
举例：
The reasons why speaking ability is of considerable importance are as follows. In the first place, if we intend to widen social circle, it is advisable to improve speaking skills. Besides, what is certain is that outstanding speaking ability is beneficial to career success.
为什么口语能力是相当重要的原因如下。如果我们想要拓展社交圈，最好提高口语能力。此外，可以肯定的是精湛的口语能力利
于职业成功 .
怎么做：
Then how to hone speaking skills? Perhaps the first step is that individuals need to do sth[做某事]. Another necessary step is 【—————】. Lastly, it is suggested that 【—————】 can help sb do sth.
那么如何打磨口语能力? 也许第一步是人们需要做某事。另一个必要的步骤是【—————】。最后，建议【—————】可以帮助某
人做某事。
Then how to hone speaking skills? Perhaps the first step is that individuals need to practice on a regular basis. Another necessary step is reading extensively to expand knowledge and enrich vocabulary. Lastly, it is suggested that attending speaking training courses can help individuals learn useful techniques to speak clearly and fluently. By combining above methods, we can achieve the aim.
结论
in conclusion, there are many well-documented benefits of 【—————】and it is worth investing the effort to 【—————】
总之，【—————】有很多有据可查的好处，并且值得投入精力来 【—————】 。
in conclusion, there are many well-documented benefits of being eloquent and it is worth investing the effort to improve speaking ability.
总之，有口才有很多有据可查的好处，并且值得投入精力来提高口语能力。
hile education is developing at a rapid rate, recent years have witnessed the increase in the number of people who lack the ability to expressing ideas clearly in verbal communication. In light of this situation, a majority of experts suggest that we attach great importance to speaking ability and seek effective methods to develop it.
The reasons why speaking ability is of considerable importance are as follows. In the first place, if we intend to widen social circle, it is advisable to improve speaking skills. Besides, what is certain is that outstanding speaking ability is beneficial to career success. Then how to hone speaking skills? Perhaps the first step is that individuals need to practice on a regular basis. Another necessary step is reading extensively to expand knowledge and enrich vocabulary. Lastly, it is suggested that attending speaking training courses can help individuals learn useful techniques to speak clearly and fluently. By combining above methods, we can achieve the aim.
In conclusion, there are many well-documented benefits of being eloquent and it is worth investing the effort to improve speaking
ability.
It is suggested that both 群体1 and 群体2 should enhance the awareness of 【—————】.
建议 群体1 和 群体2 都要提高【—————】的意识。
2 高频考点：看法/社会现象
开头段:
With technology developing at a rapid rate, recent years have witnessed the increase in the number of people who use online library. Opinions on this phenomenon vary from person to person. From my point of view, reasons behind the trend are various and there both
advantages and disadvantages in using online library
随着科技的快速发展, 近年来使用在线图书馆的人数不断增加。对这一现象的看法因人而异。在我看来，这一趋势背后的原因是多方面的, 且使用在线图书馆有利有弊。
主体段：利+弊
① social life 社交生活/ widen social circle 拓展社交圈 satisfactory interpersonal relationships 满意的人际关系
② career success 职业成功/ job application 工作申请/ a higher salary 一份更高的薪水
③ academic success 学业成功/ improve academic performance 提高成绩
④ widen horizons/expand knowledge 开拓视野/拓展知识
⑤ improve critical thinking 提高批判性思维
⑥ improve interpersonal skills 提高人际交往能力
⑦ breed physical health and mental well-being 促进身心健康
利：
① 便利 （convenient adj. 便利的 / convenience n. 便利性)
② 高效 （effective adj. 高效的/ high efficiency 高效）
③ 便宜 （affordable adj. 经济的）
④ 体验 (better user experience 更好的用户体验/ user-friendly 用户友好的）
正方观点
On the one hand, some people hold the view that【—————】. To be specific, they claim that 【—————】.
一方面，有些人认为【—————】。 具体地说，他们声称【—————】。
On the one hand, some people hold the view that 【—————主题】 have really offered more 【—————】 and 【—————】 choices for us to read.To be specific, they claim that 【—————】.
一方面，有些人认为数字图书馆真的为我们提供了更方便和经济的选择来阅读。具体地说，他们声称【—————】。
好处+论证
To be specific, they claim that sb are flooded with 【—————】opportunities at their fingertips.
具体地说，他们声称 【—————】 有大量触手可得的【—————】机会。
举例：
On the one hand, some people hold the view that digital libraries have really offered more convenient and affordable choices for us to read. To be specific, they claim that readers are flooded with reading opportunities at their fingertips.
一方面，有些人认为数字图书馆真的为我们提供了更方便和经济的选择来阅读。具体地说，他们声称读者有大量触手可得的阅读机会。
负面：
First, it would be universally acknowledged that 【—————】 is detrimental to 【—————】 .
首先，人们普遍认为，【—————】 对 【—————】 有害。
万能坏处切入点
① 身体状况: physical health(condition) ② 心理状况: mental health ③能力
④习惯
⑤学习
⑥工作
⑦社交
举例：
First, it would be universally acknowledged that spending too much time reading online is detrimental to physical health.
首先，人们普遍认为，花太多时间在网上阅读不利于身体健康。
Besides, 【—————】can exert an adverse influence on 【—————】 .
此外， 【—————】会对 【—————】 产生不利影响。
Besides, online reading can exert an adverse influence on developing a good reading habit and improving reading skills.
此外，在线阅读会对养成良好的阅读习惯和提高阅读技能产生不利影响。
总体：
But on the other hand, there are problems accompanying the benefits. First, it would be universally acknowledged that spending too much time reading online is detrimental to physical health. Besides, online reading can exert an adverse influence on developing a good reading habit and improving reading skills.
一方面，有些人认为数字图书馆真的为我们提供了更 _______ 和 _______ 选择来阅读。具体地说，他们声称读者有 大量 ______ 的 阅读机会。但另一方面，伴随好处有一些____ 。首先，人们普遍认为，花太多时间在网上阅读对 _______ 有害。此外，在线阅读会对养成良好的 _______ 习惯和 提高 ______ 技能产生不利影响。
冲分~~~
Some researchers found that people who read e-books on tablets like the iPad before bed will find it difficult to fall asleep.
一些研究人员发现睡前在iPad等平板电脑上阅读电子书的人会发现很难入睡。
汇总：
On the one hand, some people hold the view that digital libraries have really offered more convenient and affordable choices for us to read. To be specific, they claim that readers are flooded with reading opportunities at their fingertips. But on the other hand, there are
problems accompanying the benefits. First, it would be universally acknowledged that spending too much time reading online is detrimental to physical health. Some researchers found that people who read e-books on tablets like the iPad before bed will find it difficult to fall asleep.Besides, online reading can exert an adverse influence on developing a good reading habit and improving reading skills.
结尾段：重申立场
In conclusion, 【—————】can bring both benefits and drawbacks and I highly suggest that sb do sth.
综上所述， 【—————】 有利有弊, 我强烈建议【—————】 .
In conclusion, online reading can bring both benefits and drawbacks and I highly suggest that everyone, especially students use online library in a reasonable way.
总之，在线阅读有利有弊，我强烈建议每个人，尤其是学生以合理的方式使用在线图书馆。
3 高频考点：图画论文
干暗示主题, 图画反映主题
如何看图：关注文字信息（标题 + 语言)
开头段：描述图画 + 概括图画主题 + 表明立场
主体段： comment on this kind of modern life
结尾段：重申立场
开头段：
As is vividly described in the picture, 【—————】.
如图生动所示，【—————】。
举例：
As is vividly described in the picture, a person is sitting in front of the computer all day long.Even when he or she is sleeping, the scene of playing computers emerges in dreams.
如图生动所示，一个人一整天都坐在电脑前。即使在睡觉的时候，玩电脑的场景也会出现在梦中。
Obviously, the drawing reveals that【—————】 .
显然，这幅图揭示了 【—————】。
Obviously, the drawing reveals that modern people indulge in computers.
显然，这幅图揭示了现代人沉迷于电脑。
From my perspective, reasons behind this phenomenon are various and this kind of modern life can 【—————】.
在我看来，这一现象背后的原因是多方面的, 且这种现代生活可能会 【—————】 。
举例：
From my perspective, reasons behind this phenomenon are various and this kind of modern life can lead to harmful consequences.
在我看来，这一现象背后的原因是多方面的, 且这种现代生活可能会导致有害的结果。
总结：
As is vividly described in the picture, a person is sitting in front of the computer all day long. Even when he or she is sleeping, the scene of playing computers emerges in dreams. Obviously, the drawing reveals that modern people indulge in computers. From my perspective, reasons behind this phenomenon are various and this kind of modern life can lead to harmful consequences.
如图生动所示，一个人一整天都坐在电脑前。即使在睡觉的时候，玩电脑的场景也会出现在梦中。显然，这幅图揭示了现代人沉迷于电脑。在我看来，这一现象背后的原因是多方面的, 且这种现代生活可能会导致有害的结果。
主体段：
On the one hand, some people hold the view that 【—————】. To be specific, they claim that 【—————】.
一方面，有些人认为【—————】。 具体地说，他们声称【—————】。
On the one hand, what is certain is that 【—————】.
一方面，可以肯定的是 【—————】。
On the one hand, what is certain is that sth has really offered more convenient and effective choices for sb to do sth.
一方面，可以肯定的是， 【—————】确实为 sb 提供了更方便和更有效的选择去 do sth.
举例：
On the one hand, what is certain is that computers have really offered more convenient and effective choices for people to work, study,
communicate and entertain.
一方面，可以肯定的是，电脑确实为人们提供了更方便和更有效的选择去工作、学习、交流和娱乐。
This is also one reason why 【—————】.
这也是为什么 【—————】 的一个原因。
举例：
This is also one reason why modern people increasingly rely on computers.
这也是为什么现代人越来越依赖电脑一个原因。
But on the other hand, there are problems accompanying the benefits and this kind of dependence. First, 【—————】.Besides, 【—————】 .
但另一方面，伴随好处和这种依赖的是问题。首先【—————】 。 其次，【—————】。
First, it would be universally acknowledged that 【—————】 is detrimental to physical health. Besides, 【—————】 can exert an adverse influence on 【—————】 .
首先，人们普遍认为，【—————】对身体健康有害。此外， 【—————】会对【—————】产生不利影响。
举例：
First, it would be universally acknowledged that overusing computers is detrimental to physical health. Besides, becoming addicted to computers can exert an adverse influence on people’ s mental well-being.
首先，人们普遍认为， 过度使用电脑对身体健康有害。此外， 对电脑成瘾会对人们的心理健康产生不利影响。
针对人们的相信进行论证：
Some researchers found that people who 【—————】 will 【—————】 .
一些研究人员发现【—————】 的人会 【—————】 。
举例：
Some researchers found that people who spend a lot of time sitting at computer desks will suffer from physical symptoms, such as headaches, blurred eyes and upper back pain.
一些研究人员发现长时间坐在电脑桌前的人会出现身体症状，如头痛、眼睛模糊和上背部疼痛。
还缺一句 但没写
On the one hand, what is certain is that computers have really offered more convenient and effective choices for people to work, study, communicate and entertain. This is also one reason why modern people increasingly rely on computers. But on the other hand, there are problems accompanying the benefits and this kind of dependence. First, it would be universally acknowledged that overusing computers is detrimental to physical health. Some researchers found that people who spend a lot of time sittng at computer desks will suffer from physical symptoms, such as headaches, blurred eyes and upper back pain. Besides, becoming addicted to computers can exert an adverse influence on people’ s mental well-being.
一方面，可以肯定的是，电脑确实为人们提供了更方便和更有效的选择去工作、学习、交流和娱乐。这也是为什么现代人越来越 __________ 电脑的一个原因。但另一方面，伴随好处和 ___________ 的是问题。首先，人们普遍认为, __________ 对身体健康有害。一些研究人员发现长时间坐在电脑桌前的人会出现 ________，如头痛、眼睛模糊和上背部疼痛。此外，对电脑成瘾会对人们的 ________ 产生不利影响。
结论：
In conclusion,【—————】can bring both benefits and problems and I highly suggest that we【—————】.
总之， 【—————】 可以带来好处和问题，我强烈建议我们【—————】。
In conclusion, computers can bring both benefits and problems and I highly suggest that we control the time spent on computers.
总之, 电脑可以带来好处和问题，我强烈建议我们控制花在电脑上的时间。
另一种写法，只写弊端：
The negative consequences of computer addiction can be illustrated from two aspects. First, it would be universally acknowledged that overusing computers is detrimental to physical health. Some researchers found that people who spend a lot of time sitting at computer desks will suffer from physical symptoms, such as headaches, blurred eyes and upper back pain. Besides, computer addiction can exert an adverse influence on people’ s mental well-being. Then how to … ?
Then how to reverse the situation? Perhaps the first step is that【—————】.
那么如何扭转这种局面呢? 也许第一步是 【—————】。
Then how to reverse the situation? Perhaps the first step is that the public media should publicize the importance of 【—————】.
那么如何扭转这种局面呢? 也许第一步是大众媒体应该宣传 【—————】的重要性。
举例：
Then how to reverse the situation? Perhaps the first step is that the public media should publicize the importance of controlling the time spent on computers.
那么如何扭转这种局面呢? 也许第一步是大众媒体应该宣传控制花在电脑上的时间的重要性。
4 高频考点：书信
称呼：
① Dear + 名/关系 (Dear Alice/Aunt, )
② Dear Prof. Ana
③ Dear Editor, Dear Club Members, Dear Friends
④ Dear Sir or Madam (不知对方姓名/机构）
首段：寒暄(熟人)/自我介绍(不熟,公务信函) + 来信目的
中间段：围绕来信目的给出具体信息
末段：希望/期待
寒暄句型熟人
(1) It’s really a long time since we last met. 好久不见。
(2) How have you been these days? 近来可好？
(3) I’m delighted to hear that _________ . 很高兴听说 … 。
自我介绍（不熟/公务信函
I am a senior of our university who is majoring in Law.
我是本校法学专业的一名大四学生。
I am a faithful reader of your magazine.
我是贵杂志一名忠实的读者。
来信目的
(1) I am writing this letter to make a suggestion for/about … .
我写这封信针对…给一个建议。
(2) I am writing this letter to express my gratitude for your help and support.
我写这封信是为了感谢你的帮助和支持。
(3) I am writing this letter to express my appreciation of your help with sth/ doing sth.
我写这封信是为了表达我对你帮助 ______ 的感激之情。
开头段：
How have you been these days? I am delighted to hear that you plan to study in China. I am writing 【—————】to your letter 【—————】my advice on choosing an appropriate university to study.
举例：
How have you been these days? I am delighted to hear that you plan to study in China. I am writing in reply to your letter requesting my advice on choosing an appropriate university to study.
这些天过得怎么样？我很高兴听到你计划到中国学习。我写这封信是为了回复您关于选择一所大学学习的建议。
I would strongly suggest and the reasons are as follows.
举例：
I would strongly suggest going to Peking University to start your learning journey in China and the reasons are as follows.
我强烈建议去北京大学开始你的中国学习之旅，原因如下。
I would strongly suggest going to Peking University to start your learning journey in China and the reasons are as follows. For one thing, as one of the largest academic institutions in China, Peking University provides students with a wide range of courses, As a result, you can choose the course you like most or the subject best suits your talent.covering various subjects. In addition, learning environments in the university are functional and inspiring.
我强烈建议去北京大学开始你的中国学习之旅，原因如下。一方面，作为中国最大的学术机构之一，北京大学为学生提供广泛的课程，涵盖各种学科。因此, 你可以选择你最喜欢的课程，或者最匹配你的才华的科目。。此外，这所大学的学习环境功能完备且宜人。
主体段：推荐 (recommendation) + 原因 (reasons)
I would strongly suggest going to Peking University to start your learning journey in China and the reasons are as follows. For one thing, as one of the largest academic institutions in China, Peking University provides students with a wide range of courses, covering various subjects. As a result, you can choose the course you like most or the subject best suits your talent. In addition, learning environments in the university are functional and inspiring. For example, you can either access e-resources in the modern library or just discuss with your classmates in the stunning spaces for relaxation, such as the top-floor balcony.
我强烈建议去北京大学开始你的中国学习之旅，原因如下。首先，作为中国最大的学术机构之一，北京大学为学生提供广泛的课程，涵盖各种学科。因此，你可以选择你最喜欢的课程，或者最匹配你的才华的科目。此外，这所大学的学习环境功能完备且宜人。例如，你可以访问现代化图书馆中的电子资源，也可以在超棒的休闲区域，如顶楼阳台与同学讨论。
I hope my【—————】 would be helpful. If you have any further questions, please do not hesitate to contact me. I am looking forward to your reply.
举例：
I hope my advice would be helpful. If you have any further questions, please do not hesitate to contact me. I am looking forward to your reply.
希望我的建议会有所帮助。如果你有任何进一步的问题，请随时与我联系。我期待着你的答复。