add a wifi AP for armbian box (by quqi99)

作者：张华 发表于：2022-03-26
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( http://blog.csdn.net/quqi99 )

无线网卡的5种模式:

• AP/master, 当做一个无线接入点来使用
• Managed/Client, 作为客户端接入主AP https://blog.csdn.net/hailangnet/article/details/118110720
• Ad-Hoc/adhoc, 与AP的区别是Ad-hoc是无中心点对点的, 没有配置成Ad-Hoc模式的话则多个子设备之间的通信需要通过AP的转发.
• WDS(wireless distribution system)
• Monitor

#iwconfig wlan0 mode ap
root@OneCloud:~# iw list |grep 'Supported interface modes' -A5
	Supported interface modes:
		 * IBSS
		 * managed
		 * AP
		 * P2P-client
		 * P2P-GO
root@OneCloud:~# ethtool -i wlan0|grep driver
driver: rtl8188eu

enable ad-hoc

有NAT和bridge两种模式:

• NAT, 不使用br0, 直接在wlan0上设置IP, 之后得设置NAT, 有独立的网段. 这里是这种 - https://blog.csdn.net/cupidove/article/details/38845049
• Bridge, 使用br0, 将eth0与wlan0都在加入到br0, 这种模式整个armbian box延伸作为主路由的一个AP使用(网络从主路由分配) - https://www.cnblogs.com/wxfy/p/10879858.html

cat << EOF | tee /etc/network/interfaces.d/wlan0
allow-hotplug wlan0
iface wlan0 inet static
address 192.168.98.1
netmask 255.255.255.0
network 192.168.98.0
broadcast 192.168.98.255
gateway 192.168.99.1
dns-nameservers 192.168.99.1
#wireless-essid armbianAP
#wireless-mode ad-hoc
#wireless-channel 11
EOF
ifdown wlan0 && ifup wlan0

这里没有在/etc/network/interfaces.d/wlan0中设置wireless-essid之内的参数,改到/etc/hostapd.conf中来设置, 在默认的基础上添加了下列项, 最重要的是要注释掉briage=br0

cat << EOF | tee /etc/hostapd.conf
interface=wlan0
driver=nl80211
ssid=armbianAP
channel=6
hw_mode=g
ignore_broadcast_ssid=0
auth_algs=1
wpa=3
wpa_passphrase=password
wpa_key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
wpa_pairwise=TKIP
rsn_pairwise=CCMP
#bridage=br0
EOF

dhcp

或者使用下列配置参数来配置:

cat << EOF | tee /etc/dnsmasq.conf
interface=wlan0
listen-address=192.168.98.1
dhcp-range=192.168.98.2,192.168.98.100,120h
dhcp-option=6,192.168.98.1
EOF
systemctl enable dnsmasq && systemctl start dnsmasq

或者禁用掉dnmsaq服务后来手工配置:

systemctl disable dnsmasq && systemctl stop dnsmasq
vim /etc/rc.local
dnsmasq -i wlan0 --dhcp-range=192.168.98.100,192.168.98.109,480h 2>&1 &

router

cat << EOF | tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
EOF
sysctl -p

iptables -A FORWARD -i wlan0 -o eth0 -s 192.168.98.0/24 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT
iptables -A FORWARD -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE
apt install iptables-persistent -y
dpkg-reconfigure iptables-persistent
systemctl enable netfilter-persistent

dns[可选]

只配置dhcp就可以了, 不一定非要配置dns, 因为/etc/network/interfaces.d/wlan0中已经配置dns项了

cat << EOF | tee /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/head
nameserver 192.168.99.1
EOF
systemctl disable systemd-resolved && systemctl stop systemd-resolved
rm -rf /etc/resolv.conf && ln -s /etc/resolvconf/run/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf
systemctl restart resolvconf

问题

能连上, 但不稳定, 动不动说没网了. 是因为之前照网上抄的使用了:

iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o wlan0 -j MASQUERADE

而应该是：

iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE