env: vsphere6 虚拟机centos7（2C+2G+30G）
目标：centos7（2C+2G+60G）
1. 在vSphere Client上直接扩大虚拟机的硬盘空间或者挂载一块新硬盘。
2. 查看当前文件系统信息
[root@big ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 27G 4.0G 23G 15% /
devtmpfs 908M 0 908M 0% /dev
tmpfs 920M 0 920M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 920M 8.9M 911M 1% /run
tmpfs 920M 0 920M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 142M 873M 14% /boot
tmpfs 184M 0 184M 0% /run/user/0
[root@big ~]# 3. 查看磁盘分区信息
[root@big ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes, 125829120 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000b7e05
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 62914559 30407680 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 29.0 GB, 28982640640 bytes, 56606720 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes4.创建新分区、设置分区类型
[root@big ~]# fdisk /dev/sda
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
g create a new empty GPT partition table
G create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (3,4, default 3): 3
First sector (62914560-125829119, default 62914560):
Using default value 62914560
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (62914560-125829119, default 125829119):
Using default value 125829119
Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 30 GiB is set
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes, 125829120 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000b7e05
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 62914559 30407680 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3 62914560 125829119 31457280 83 Linux
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-3, default 3): 3
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes, 125829120 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000b7e05
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 62914559 30407680 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3 62914560 125829119 31457280 8e Linux LVM
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.5. 创建pv
[root@big ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda3
WARNING: dos signature detected on /dev/sda3 at offset 510. Wipe it? [y/n]: y
Wiping dos signature on /dev/sda3.
Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created.6. 添加lv
[root@big ~]# lvm
lvm> vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name centos
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 3
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size <29.00 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 7423
Alloc PE / Size 7422 / 28.99 GiB
Free PE / Size 1 / 4.00 MiB
VG UUID Mr8HtH-GMqf-GRGs-Vo8i-K5xT-RtrZ-uLns02
lvm> vgextend /dev/centos /dev/sda3
Volume group "centos" successfully extended
lvm> vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name centos
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 4
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 58.99 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 15102
Alloc PE / Size 7422 / 28.99 GiB
Free PE / Size 7680 / 30.00 GiB
VG UUID Mr8HtH-GMqf-GRGs-Vo8i-K5xT-RtrZ-uLns02
lvm> lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/centos/root
Size of logical volume centos/root changed from 26.99 GiB (6910 extents) to 56.99 GiB (14590 extents).
Logical volume centos/root successfully resized.
lvm> quit
Exiting.7. 查看lv
[root@big ~]# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/centos/swap
LV Name swap
VG Name centos
LV UUID evqLg6-TKlf-Chxi-jWCv-1K1U-OV0e-rYbiWc
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2018-06-26 17:04:27 +0800
LV Status available
# open 2
LV Size 2.00 GiB
Current LE 512
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:1
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/centos/root
LV Name root
VG Name centos
LV UUID yHJ6iS-plGc-YyuT-4xUe-TJIG-yuFB-ZFZPpr
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2018-06-26 17:04:27 +0800
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 56.99 GiB
Current LE 14590
Segments 2
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:08. 修改文件系统实现扩容
[root@big ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/centos/root
meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=1768960 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0 spinodes=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=7075840, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=3455, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 7075840 to 149401609. 验证
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[root@big ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 57G 1.2G 56G 2% /
devtmpfs 2.9G 0 2.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 2.9G 0 2.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 2.9G 8.8M 2.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 2.9G 0 2.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 142M 873M 14% /boot
tmpfs 581M 0 581M 0% /run/user/0[root@big ~]# resize2fs -p /dev/centos/root
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
resize2fs: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/centos/root
Couldn't find valid filesystem superblock.solution：
xfs_growfs /dev/centos/root