文章目录
1.环境准备
首先准备两台版本相同的 mariadb linux服务器,这里小编使用的是192.168.159.134(从),192.168.159.137(主)如果没有,使用命令
yum install -y mariadb mariadb-server
#在配置文件加上本地socket配置
[mysql]
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
#修改密码方式1
mysql -uroot -p
set password=password(“123456”);
#设置密码方式2
mysql_secure_installation
回车以后提示：
enter current password for root (enter for none): ## 如果是初次运行直接回车，因为没有密码
set root password?[Y/n] #是否设置root用户密码，输入y回车
new password: #设置root用户密码
re-enter new password: #国际惯例再输入一次密码
remove anonymous users?[Y/n] #是否删除匿名用户
disallow root login remotely?[Y/n] #是否禁止root用户远程登录
remove test database and access to it?[Y/n] #是否删除test数据库
reload privilege tables now?[Y/n] # 是否重新加载权限表
#退出重启服务
quit
systemctl restart mariadb
#设置开机自启
systemctl enable mariadb
假如有数据
reset master; //重置binlog日志
quit;
mysqldump -u root -p --all-databases > /root/mysql.sql //备份主服务器库
scp /root/mysql.sql [email protected]:/root/ //将备份文件拷贝到从服务器
mysql -u root -p < /root/mysql.sql //将备份数据库导入从服务器MariaDB
2.修改配置文件
vim /etc/my.cnf
主服务器配置
从服务器配置
进入主服务器mariadb界面
#查看配置是否生效
show variables like ‘server_id’ ;
show master status;
#授权给从服务器
grant replication slave on . to ‘root’@’%’ identified by ‘123456’;
进入从服务器mariadb界面
#查看配置是否生效
show variables like ‘server_id’ ;
show slave status;
#连接到主服务器
stop slave;
change master to master_host=‘192.168.159.137’,master_user=‘root’,master_password=‘123456’;
start slave;
3.验证主从复制
show slave status\G
出现下图,则表明部署成功
4.实现读写分离
从服务器作为主服务器的备份, 避免写入冲突, 在采用主、从复制结构时, 为保持主、从数据库的一致性, 用户不能在从服务器上执行数据库写入操作.
可以通过my.cnf将从服务器配置为只读模式. 在只读模式下, 只有super权限的用户和slave同步线程才能写入.
vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysql]
read-only=on //设置从服务器为只读模式
systemctl restart mariadb //重启服务
5.使用mysql-router实现读写分离
准备一台布置中间件的主机:192.168.159.138
安装mysql-router
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-Router/mysql-router-2.0.3-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-router-2.0.3-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
配置
[DEFAULT]
logging_folder = /opt/mysqlrouter/logs
[logger]
level = INFO
[routing:master]
bind_address = 192.168.159.138:7001
destinations = 192.168.159.137:3306
mode = read-write
max_connections = 1024
max_connect_errors = 100
client_connect_timeout = 9
[routing:slave]
bind_address = 192.168.159.138:7002
destinations = 192.168.159.134:3306
mode = read-only
max_connections = 65535
max_connect_errors = 100
client_connect_timeout = 9
启动
systemctl start mysqlrouter
netstat -antupl |grep mysqlrouter
测试
在布置中间件的主机进入mariadb
grant all on . to ‘root’@’%’ identified by ‘123456’;
flush privileges;
退出后,在命令行输入
mysql -uroot -h192.168.159.138 -P7001 -p123456 -e ‘select @@server_id;’
如果想远程连接中间件主机,修改配置文件vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
…
bind_address = 0.0.0.0
…
搭建基于keepalived的高可用集群
需要再安装一台mariadb服务器(可不安装mariadb,但不能进行远程连接了),小编使用的是192.168.159.136,并且安装上mysql-router,并且配置一样
安装keepalived
yum install keepalived -y
修改配置文件
主:
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
root@localhost
}
notification_email_from keepalived01@localhost
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id keepalived01
vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
#vrrp_strict #一定要注释掉
vrrp_garp_interval 0
vrrp_gna_interval 0
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface ens33
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.159.200 #要同一局域网上
}
}
备:
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
root@localhost
}
notification_email_from keepalived02@localhost
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id keepalived02
vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
#vrrp_strict
vrrp_garp_interval 0
vrrp_gna_interval 0
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP
interface ens33
virtual_router_id 51
priority 99
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.159.200
}
}
修改mysqlrouter配置
把bind_address地址改为VIP的地址或者0.0.0.0
之后重启服务
