HTML:一种标记语言而不是编程语言(8.0)

HTML 类

对 HTML 进行分类(设置类),使我们能够为元素的类定义 CSS 样式。

为相同的类设置相同的样式,或者为不同的类设置不同的样式。

下面的代码是一个例子:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>

<style>
.cities{
	background-color:black;
	color:blue;
	margin:20px;
	padding:10px;
}
</style>

</head>


<body>
<div class="cities"
<h2>London</h2>
<p>
London is the capital city of England. 
It is the most populous city in the United Kingdom, 
with a metropolitan area of over 13 million inhabitants.
</p>
</div>
</body>
<html>

输出如下:

分类块级元素

HTML <div> 元素是块级元素。它能够用作其他 HTML 元素的容器。

设置 <div> 元素的类,使我们能够为相同的 <div> 元素设置相同的类:

下面的代码是一个例子:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>

<style>
.cities{
	background-color:black;
	color:blue;
	margin:20px;
	padding:10px;
}
</style>

</head>


<body>

<div class="cities"
<h2>London</h2>
<p>
London is the capital city of England. 
It is the most populous city in the United Kingdom, 
with a metropolitan area of over 13 million inhabitants.
</p>
</div>

<div class="cities"
<h2>Paris</h2>
<p>
Paris is the capital and most populous city of France.
</p>
</div>

<div class="cities"
<h2>Tykyo</h2>
<p>
Tokyo is the capital of Japan, the center of the Greater Tokyo Area,
and the most populous metropolitan area in the world.
</p>
</div>

</body>
<html>

输出如下:

分类行内元素

HTML <span> 元素是行内元素,能够用作文本的容器。

设置 <span> 元素的类,能够为相同的 <span> 元素设置相同的样式。

下面的代码是一个例子:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>

<style>
span.red {color:red;}
</style>

</head>

<body>

<h1>My <span class="red">Important</span> Heading</h1>

</body>
</html>

输出如下:


HTML 布局

使用 <div> 元素的 HTML 布局

注释:<div> 元素常用作布局工具,因为能够轻松地通过 CSS 对其进行定位。

这个例子使用了四个 <div> 元素来创建多列布局:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#header {
	background-color:black;
	color:white;
	text-align:center;
	padding:5px;
}
#nav {
	line-height:30px;
	background-color:#eeeeee;
	height:300px;
	width:100px;
	float:left;
	padding:5px;
}
#section {
	width:350px;
	float:left;
	padding:10px;
}
#footer {
	background-color:black;
	color:white;
	clear:both;
	text-align:center;
	padding:5px;
}
</style>
</head>

<body>

<div id="header">
<h1>City Gallery</h1>
</div>

<div id="nav">
London<br />
Paris<br />
Tokyo<br />
</div>

<div id="section">
<h1>Lodon</h1>
<p>
London is the capital city of England. It is the most populous city in the United Kingdom,
with a metropolitan area of over 13 million inhabitants.
</p>
<p>
Standing on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia,
its history going back to its founding by the Romans, who named it Londinium.
</p>
</div>

<div id="footer">
Copyright bilibili.com
</div>

</body>
</html>

输出如下:

使用 HTML5 的网站布局

HTML5 提供的新语义元素定义了网页的不同部分:

HTML5 语义元素

header 定义文档或节的页眉
nav 定义导航链接的容器
section 定义文档中的节
article 定义独立的自包含文章
aside 定义内容之外的内容(比如侧栏)
footer 定义文档或节的页脚
details 定义额外的细节
summary 定义 details 元素的标题

下面的代码是一个例子:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
header {
	background-color:black;
	color:white;
	text-align:center;
	padding:5px;
}
nav {
	line-height:30px;
	background-color:#eeeeee;
	height:300px;
	width:100px;
	float:left;
	padding:5px;
}
section {
	width:350px;
	float:left;
	padding:10px;
}
footer {
	background-color:black;
	color:white;
	clear:both;
	text-align:center;
	padding:5px;
}
</style>
</head>

<body>

<header>
<h1>City Gallery</h1>
</header>

<nav>
London<br />
Paris<br />
Tokyo<br />
</nav>

<section>
<h1>Lodon</h1>
<p>
London is the capital city of England. It is the most populous city in the United Kingdom,
with a metropolitan area of over 13 million inhabitants.
</p>
<p>
Standing on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia,
its history going back to its founding by the Romans, who named it Londinium.
</p>
</section>

<footer>
Copyright bilibili.com
<footer>

</body>
</html>

输出如下:

使用表格的 HTML 布局

注释:<table> 元素不是作为布局工具而设计的。

<table> 元素的作用是显示表格化的数据。

使用 <table> 元素能够取得布局效果,因为能够通过 CSS 设置表格元素的样式:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
table.lamp {
	width:100%;
	border:1px solid $d4d4d4;
}
table.lamp th, td {
	padding:10px;
}
table.lamp th {
	width:40px;
}
</style>
</head>

<body>

<table class="lamp">
<tr>
<th>
<img src="C:\Users\Re:CREATORS\Pictures\壁纸\1.jpg" alt="None" style="height:32px;width:32px">
</th>
<td>The table element was not designed to be a layout tool.
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>

输出如下:

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转载自blog.csdn.net/qq_40061206/article/details/94875296