CentOS7搭建Lnmp

其他 2021-02-10 10:24:19 阅读次数: 0

Lnmp架构用Linux+nginx+php+MariaDB

1.安装前，查看是否关闭防火墙和selinux安全  

[root@node2 ~]# getenforce 
Permissive
[root@node2 ~]# systemctl status firewalld
● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)
     Docs: man:firewalld(1)

 2.安装yum-utils，这是一个与yum集成的实用程序集合，通过多种方式扩展其本机特性

[root@node2 ~] yum install yum-utils

3.设置yum存储库

#nginx的yum配置
[root@node2 ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
[nginx-stable]
name=nginx stable repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
 
[nginx-mainline]
name=nginx mainline repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key

[root@node2 ~]# yum-config-manager --enable nginx-mainline  #使用主线nginx包，使用最新版本的nginx包

3.1.安装epel额外包和php的存储库

[root@node2 ~]# yum install wget -y    #没有安装的就要安装一下，如果有安装就不用再安装了
[root@node2 ~]# wget   https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7       #epel额外包的密钥     
[root@node2 ~]# wget   https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm    #epel额外包的yum的配置
[root@node2 ~]# wget   https://rpms.remirepo.net/RPM-GPG-KEY-remi   #remi包的密钥
[root@node2 ~]# wget   https://mirrors.aliyun.com/remi/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm    #php的yum配置

[root@node2 ~]#rpm --import   RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7    #导入epel额外包的密钥
[root@node2 ~]#rpm --import   RPM-GPG-KEY-remi 	#导入remi包的密钥

[root@node2 ~]#rpm -ivh epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm    #安装epel额外包的yum配置
[root@node2 ~]#rpm -ivh remi-release-7.rpm                  #安装php的yum配置

或者用编辑yum配置

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo
 
[bao]
name=bao
baseurl=file:///opt/bao
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
 
[epel]                            #额外rpm包
name=epel
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/x86_64/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
 
[php73]                           #php7.3rpm包
name=php73
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/remi/enterprise/7/safe/x86_64/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

[php73extend]                      #php7.3rpm扩展包
name=php73extend
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/remi/enterprise/7/php73/x86_64/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

3.2.注意：安装yum源包，手动删除了yum的包，就要强制卸载 ，并执行事务；才是完全卸载，才可以重新安装yum源包

[root@node2 ~]# yum remove remi-release-7.6-2.el7.remi.noarch --nodeps
...
==============================================================================
 Package            架构         版本                   源               大小
==============================================================================
正在删除:
 remi-release       noarch       7.6-2.el7.remi         installed        19 k

事务概要
==============================================================================
移除  1 软件包

安装大小：19 k
Exiting on user command
您的事务已保存，请执行：
 yum load-transaction /tmp/yum_save_tx.2019-08-14.18-36.mJqhk9.yumtx 重新执行该事务


[root@node2 ~]# yum load-transaction /tmp/yum_save_tx.2019-08-14.18-36.mJqhk9.yumtx  #执行事务
...
依赖关系解决

==============================================================================
 Package            架构         版本                   源               大小
==============================================================================
正在删除:
 remi-release       noarch       7.6-2.el7.remi         installed        19 k

事务概要
==============================================================================
移除  1 软件包

安装大小：19 k
是否继续？[y/N]：y
...

 4.安装nginx+php

[root@node2 ~]# yum remove php*          #移除旧的php版本
...
依赖关系解决

=================================================================================
 Package            架构           版本                    源               大小
=================================================================================
正在删除:
 php-cli            x86_64         5.4.16-45.el7           @cnetos         8.8 M
 php-common         x86_64         5.4.16-45.el7           @cnetos         3.8 M
 php-gd             x86_64         5.4.16-45.el7           @cnetos         343 k
 php-pdo            x86_64         5.4.16-45.el7           @cnetos         193 k

事务概要
=================================================================================
移除  4 软件包
...


[root@node2 ~]# yum install nginx
[root@node2 ~]# yum install php73 php-fpm php-mysqlnd -y
...
=================================================================================
 Package             架构           版本                     源             大小
=================================================================================
正在安装:
 php                 x86_64         7.3.8-1.el7.remi         php73         3.2 M
 php-fpm             x86_64         7.3.8-1.el7.remi         php73         1.7 M
 php-mysqlnd         x86_64         7.3.8-1.el7.remi         php73         233 k
为依赖而安装:
 libargon2           x86_64         20161029-3.el7           epel           23 k
 php-cli             x86_64         7.3.8-1.el7.remi         php73         4.9 M
 php-common          x86_64         7.3.8-1.el7.remi         php73         1.1 M
 php-json            x86_64         7.3.8-1.el7.remi         php73          65 k
 php-pdo             x86_64         7.3.8-1.el7.remi         php73         127 k

事务概要
=================================================================================
安装  3 软件包 (+5 依赖软件包)
...

5. 编辑nginx默认配置

[root@node2 ~]# vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf 

server {
    listen       800;
    server_name  localhost;

    #charset koi8-r;
    #access_log  /var/log/nginx/host.access.log  main;

    location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }

    #error_page  404              /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }

    # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
    #
    #location ~ \.php$ {
    #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
    #}

    #location ~ /\.ht {
    #    deny  all;
    #location ~ /\.ht {
    #    deny  all;
server {
    listen       800;
    server_name  localhost;

    #charset koi8-r;
    #access_log  /var/log/nginx/host.access.log  main;

    location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }

    #error_page  404              /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }

    # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
    #
    #location ~ \.php$ {
    #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
    #}

    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
    #
    #location ~ \.php$ {
    #    root           html;
    #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
    #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
    #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
    #    include        fastcgi_params;
    #}

    # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
    # concurs with nginx's one
    #
    #location ~ /\.ht {
    #    deny  all;
    #}

    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000    

    location ~ .php$ {
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;        
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /usr/share/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;     #File not found.php模块引导设置这里     
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }
}

6.启动php-fpm和nginx服务

[root@node2 ~]# systemctl start php-fpm

[root@node2 ~]# systemctl start nginx

7.编辑php页面

[root@node2 ~]# vi /usr/share/nginx/html/index.php
<?php
phpinfo()
?>

8.浏览nginx的静态网页和动态网页

 9.编辑php-fpm配置

[root@node2 ~]# vi /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf 
...
user = nginx            #user=apache改为nginx
group = nginx           #group=apache改为nginx
...
[root@node2 ~]# systemctl restart php-fpm

 10.安装MariaDB

[root@node2 ~]# yum  install mariadb mariadb-server  -y #安装mariadb数据库

[root@node2 ~]# yum install php-mbstring   #安装php模块，扩展的方法代码
...
依赖关系解决

==============================================================================
 Package            架构         版本                   源               大小
==============================================================================
正在安装:
 php-mbstring       x86_64       7.3.8-1.el7.remi       php73           510 k
为依赖而安装:
 oniguruma5         x86_64       6.9.2-2.el7.remi       remi-safe       192 k

事务概要
==============================================================================
安装  1 软件包 (+1 依赖软件包)
...

 11.启动MariaDB服务

[root@node2 ~]# systemctl start mariadb

[root@slave ~]# mysql_secure_installation
...
Set root password? [Y/n] y
New password: 
Re-enter new password: 
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!
...
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!
...

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n
 ... skipping.
...
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
 - Dropping test database...
 ... Success!
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!
...

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!
...

 12.塔建phpMyAdmin，下载地址：https://www.phpmyadmin.net/downloads/

[root@node2 ~]# wget https://files.phpmyadmin.net/phpMyAdmin/5.0.0-alpha1/phpMyAdmin-5.0.0-alpha1-all-languages.tar.gz

[root@node2 ~]# ls phpMyAdmin-5.0.0-alpha1-all-languages.tar.gz
phpMyAdmin-5.0.0-alpha1-all-languages.tar.gz

12.1.解压phpMyAdmin到nginx存放网页的数据

[root@node2 ~]# tar -zxvf phpMyAdmin-5.0.0-alpha1-all-languages.tar.gz -C /usr/share/nginx/

[root@node2 ~]# chown -R nginx:nginx /usr/share/nginx/html/phpMyAdmin

[root@node2 ~]# cd /usr/share/nginx/                    #切换到nginx存放网页数据的目录

[root@node2 nginx]# mv phpMyAdmin-5.0.0-alpha1-all-languages/ phpMyAdmin  #修改名称

12.2.到phpMyAdmin复制一份默认的配置文件

[root@node2 ~]# cd /usr/share/nginx/html/phpMyAdmin/
[root@node2 phpMyAdmin]# cp config.sample.inc.php config.inc.php

12.3.修改所有拥有者和所属组的文件

[root@node2 ~]# chown -R  nginx:nginx /usr/share/nginx/html   #修改所有拥有者和所属组的nginx的页面存放位置
[root@node2 ~]# chmod -R  -755 /usr/share/nginx/html/phpMyAdmin/  #修改权限

[root@node2 ~]# ls -lh /var/lib/php/
总用量 0
drwxrwx---. 2 root apache 6 7月  30 23:30 opcache
drwxrwxr-x. 2 root apache 6 8月  16 11:10 session
drwxrwx---. 2 root apache 6 7月  30 23:30 wsdlcache
[root@node2 ~]# chown -R nginx:nginx  /var/lib/php/      #修改所有者和所属组的php的session连接网页

[root@node2 ~]# ls -lh /var/lib/php/
总用量 0
drwxrwx---. 2 nginx nginx   6 7月  30 23:30 opcache
drwxrwx---. 2 nginx nginx 123 8月  16 11:19 session
drwxrwx---. 2 nginx nginx   6 7月  30 23:30 wsdlcache

[root@node2 ~]# systemctl restart nginx
[root@node2 ~]# systemctl restart php-fpm

12.4.浏览网页

12.5.输入MariaDB数据库的用户和密码

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