Oracle 表空间数据文件物理位置转移

数据表空间

数据表空间的文件转移示例展示如下：

1.登录sqlplus

SQL>sqlplus / as sysdba

2.确认需要迁移的数据文件

SQL> select * from dba_data_files where tablespace_name like 'USERS';


FILE_NAME                                             FILE_ID TABLESPACE_NAME   BYTES        BLOCKS  STATUS      RELATIVE_FNO  AUT   MAXBYTES    MAXBLOCKS  INCREMENT_BY  USER_BYTES  USER_BLOCKS  ONLINE_
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- --------- ------------ ------------ ------------  --------  --------  --------  --------
/oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/users01.dbf     6       USERS          1028915200    125600  AVAILABLE   6            YES   3.4360E+10   4194302     160          1027866624   125472      ONLINE

3.修改USERS表空间为Offline状态

SQL>alter tablespace USERS offline; 

Tablespace altered.

4.查看表空间状态

SQL> select * from dba_data_files where tablespace_name like 'USERS';

 FILE_NAME                                             FILE_ID TABLESPACE_NAME   BYTES        BLOCKS  STATUS      RELATIVE_FNO  AUT   MAXBYTES    MAXBLOCKS  INCREMENT_BY  USER_BYTES  USER_BLOCKS  ONLINE_
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- --------- ------------ ------------ ------------  --------  --------  --------  --------
/oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/users01.dbf     6       USERS          1028915200    125600  AVAILABLE   6            YES   3.4360E+10   4194302     160          1027866624   125472      OFFLINE                                                      

5.拷贝USERS数据表空间文件

$ cp /oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/users01.dbf /oradata/oracle/datafile

6.修改oracle表空间指向地址

SQL>alter database rename file '/oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/users01.dbf' to '/oradata/oracle/datafile/users01.dbf';

Database altered.

7.修改表空间为Online状态

SQL> alter tablespace USERS online;

Tablespace altered. 

8.查看修改后的表空间文件存储位置.

SQL> select file_name from sys.dba_data_files;

FILE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/system01.dbf
/oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf
/oradata/oracle/datafile/users01.dbf
/oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf

9.查看空闲表空间

SQL> select tablespace_name ,sum(bytes)/1024/1024||'M' as freespaces from dba_data_files group by tablespace_name;

TABLESPACE_NAME                FREESPACES
------------------------------ -----------------------------------------
SYSAUX                         1070M
UNDOTBS1                       355M
USERS                          981.25M
SYSTEM                         810M

10删除原数据文件

$ rm -rf /oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/users01.dbf

系统表空间

数据表空间的文件转移示例展示如下：
1.登录sqlplus

SQL>sqlplus / as sysdba

2.确认需要迁移的数据文件

SQL> select name from v$controlfile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/control01.ctl
/oradata/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/test/control02.ctl

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/system01.dbf
/oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf
/oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf
/oradata/oracle/datafile/users01.dbf

SQL> select member from v$logfile;

MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/redo03.log
/oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/redo02.log
/oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/redo01.log
/oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/standby01.log
/oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/standby02.log
/oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/standby03.log
/oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/standby04.log

7 rows selected.

SQL> select name from v$tempfile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/temp01.dbf

3.创建pfile

SQL> create pfile from spfile;

File created.

4.关闭oracle实例

SQL> shutdown immediate

Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

5.拷贝待转移文件

$ mkdir fast_recovery_area
$cp /oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/control01.ctl /oradata/oracle/datafile
$cp /oradata/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/test/control02.ctl /oradata/oracle/datafile/fast_recovery_area
$cp /oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/system01.dbf /oradata/oracle/datafile
$cp /oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf /oradata/oracle/datafile
$cp /oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf /oradata/oracle/datafile
$cp /oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/redo03.log /oradata/oracle/datafile
$cp /oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/redo02.log /oradata/oracle/datafile
$cp /oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/redo01.log /oradata/oracle/datafile
$cp /oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/standby01.log /oradata/oracle/datafile
$cp /oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/standby02.log /oradata/oracle/datafile
$cp /oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/standby03.log /oradata/oracle/datafile
$cp /oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/standby04.log /oradata/oracle/datafile
$cp /oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/temp01.dbf /oradata/oracle/datafile

可简化为如下命令：

$ mkdir fast_recovery_area
$cp /oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/control01.ctl /oradata/oracle/datafile
$cp /oradata/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/test/control02.ctl /oradata/oracle/datafile/fast_recovery_area
$cp /oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/*.dbf /oradata/oracle/datafile
$cp /oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/*.log /oradata/oracle/datafile

6.修改pfile中控制文件路径

$cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
$ vi initwind.ora
*.control_files='/oradata/oracle/datafile/control01.ctl','/oradata/oracle/datafile/fast_recovery_area/control02.ctl'

7.启动实例并不打开数据库

SQL> startup mount;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 2516582400 bytes
Fixed Size                  2927528 bytes
Variable Size             671089752 bytes
Database Buffers         1828716544 bytes
Redo Buffers               13848576 bytes
Database mounted.

8.修改oracle表空间指向地址

SQL>alter database rename file '/oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/system01.dbf' to '/oradata/oracle/datafile/system01.dbf';
Database altered.

SQL>alter database rename file '/oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf' to '/oradata/oracle/datafile/sysaux01.dbf';
Database altered.

SQL>alter database rename file '/oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf' to '/oradata/oracle/datafile/undotbs01.dbf';
Database altered.

SQL>alter database rename file '/oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/redo01.log' to '/oradata/oracle/datafile/redo01.log';
Database altered.

SQL>alter database rename file '/oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/wind/redo02.log' to '/oradata/oracle/datafile/redo02.log';
Database altered.

SQL>alter database rename file '/oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/redo03.log' to '/oradata/oracle/datafile/redo03.log';
Database altered.

SQL>alter database rename file '/oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/standby01.log' to '/oradata/oracle/datafile/standby01.log';
Database altered.

SQL>alter database rename file '/oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/standby02.log' to '/oradata/oracle/datafile/standby02.log';
Database altered.

SQL>alter database rename file '/oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/standby03.log' to '/oradata/oracle/datafile/standby03.log';
Database altered.

SQL>alter database rename file '/oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/standby04.log' to '/oradata/oracle/datafile/standby04.log';
Database altered.

SQL>alter database rename file '/oradata/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/temp01.dbf' to '/oradata/oracle/datafile/temp01.dbf';
Database altered.

9.查询文件是否转换成功

SQL> select name from v$datafile;
SQL> select member from v$logfile;
SQL> select name from v$tempfile;

10.打开数据库

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.