邮箱验证码功能实现

在进行实际项目的开发过程中，我们可能会遇到需要需要对用户账号密码进行找回，这时就需要我们通过邮件进行验证，从而对用户信息进行修改，下面我就将自己开发过程中的邮件发送功能简单描述一下，供大家学习使用。

1.MailSenderInfo是确定邮件发送的类型及其各种属性

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;

public class MailSenderInfo {
    private String mailServerHost;      //发送邮件的服务器
    private String mailServerPort="587";    //发送邮件的服务器的端口
    private String fromAddress;            //发送者地址
    private String toAddress;              //接收者地址
    private String username;         //发送者用户名
    private String password;         //发送者密码
    private boolean validate=true;      //是否需要身份验证
    private String subject;           //邮件主题
    private String content;          //邮件内容
    private Map<String, String> mailType;        //邮箱类型

    //得到邮件会话属性
        public Properties getProperties(){
              Properties p = new Properties();
              p.put("mail.smtp.host", this.mailServerHost);
              p.put("mail.smtp.port", this.mailServerPort);
              p.put("mail.smtp.auth", validate?"true":"false");
              return p;
        }

        public String getMailServerHost() {
            return mailServerHost;
        }
        public void setMailServerHost(String mailServerHost) {
            this.mailServerHost = mailServerHost;
        }
        public String getMailServerPort() {
            return mailServerPort;
        }
        public void setMailServerPort(String mailServerPort) {
            this.mailServerPort = mailServerPort;
        }
        public String getFromAddress() {
            return fromAddress;
        }
        public void setFromAddress(String fromAddress) {
            this.fromAddress = fromAddress;
        }
        public String getToAddress() {
            return toAddress;
        }
        public void setToAddress(String toAddress) {
            this.toAddress = toAddress;
        }
        public String getUsername() {
            return username;
        }

        public void setUsername(String username) {
            this.username = username;
            this.fromAddress=username;
            if(username!=null&&username.length()>0){
               String fromEmailExt=username.substring(username.lastIndexOf("@")+1,username.lastIndexOf("."));
               this.mailServerHost=getMailType().get(fromEmailExt);
            }
        }

        public String getPassword() {
            return password;
        }
        public void setPassword(String password) {
            this.password = password;
        }
        public boolean isValidate() {
            return validate;
        }
        public void setValidate(boolean validate) {
            this.validate = validate;
        }

        public String getSubject() {
            return subject;
        }
        public void setSubject(String subject) {
            this.subject = subject;
        }
        public String getContent() {
            return content;
        }
        public void setContent(String content) {
            this.content = content;
        }
        public Map<String, String> getMailType() {
            mailType=new HashMap<String, String>();
            mailType.put("163","smtp.163.com");
            mailType.put("139","smtp.139.com");
            mailType.put("126","smtp.126.com");
            mailType.put("qq", "smtp.qq.com");
            mailType.put("sohu", "smtp.sohu.com");
            mailType.put("live","smtp.live.cn");
            mailType.put("msn","smtp.msn.com");
            mailType.put("kum", "mail.kum.Net.cn");
            mailType.put("hotmail","smtp.hotmail.cn");
            return mailType;
        }
        public void setMailType(Map<String, String> mailType) {
            this.mailType = mailType;
        }
}

2.设置邮件发送者的基本信息

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.Address;
import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
    //邮件发送器

import com.xidian.entity.MailSenderInfo;

public class MailSender {
    /**
      * 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session    
      * @return
      */
     protected  static Session getSession(MailSenderInfo mailSenderInfo){
      if(mailSenderInfo == null){
       return null;
      }
      MyAuthenticator authenticator = null;
      Properties pro = mailSenderInfo.getProperties();
      if(mailSenderInfo.isValidate()){
       authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailSenderInfo.getUsername(),mailSenderInfo.getPassword());
      }
      return Session.getDefaultInstance(pro, authenticator);
     }

     /**
      * 发送文本格式邮件
      * @return
      */
     public static boolean sendTextMail(MailSenderInfo mailSenderInfo){
         try {

             //得到session
             Session mailSession = getSession(mailSenderInfo); 
             //根据session创建一个邮件消息
             Message mailMessage=new MimeMessage(mailSession);

             //创建邮件发送者的地址
             Address fromAddress=new InternetAddress(mailSenderInfo.getFromAddress());

             //创建邮件接收者的地址
             Address toAddress=new InternetAddress(mailSenderInfo.getToAddress());

             //设置邮件发送者的地址
             mailMessage.setFrom(fromAddress);

             //设置邮件接收者地址
             mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, toAddress);

             //设置邮件的主题
             mailMessage.setSubject(mailSenderInfo.getSubject());

             //设置邮件的发送内容
             mailMessage.setText(mailSenderInfo.getContent());

             //设置发送邮件的时间
             mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());

             //发送邮件
             Transport.send(mailMessage);

             return true;
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                return false;
            }
     }

     /**
      * 发送html格式邮件
      * @return
      */
     public static boolean sendHtmlMail(MailSenderInfo mailSenderInfo) {
         try {
             //得到session
             Session mailSession = getSession(mailSenderInfo);
             //根据session创建一个邮件消息
             Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(mailSession);
             //创建邮件发送者的地址
             Address fromAddress=new InternetAddress(mailSenderInfo.getFromAddress());

             //创建邮件接收者的地址
             Address toAddress=new InternetAddress(mailSenderInfo.getToAddress());

             //设置邮件发送者的地址
             mailMessage.setFrom(fromAddress);

             //设置邮件接收者地址
             mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, toAddress);
             //设置邮件消息的主题
             mailMessage.setSubject(mailSenderInfo.getSubject());
             //设置邮件消息发送的时间
             mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());
             //MiniMultipart类是一个容器类，包含MimeBodyPart类型的对象
             Multipart mainPart = new MimeMultipart();
             //创建一个包含HTML内容的MimeBodyPart
             BodyPart html = new MimeBodyPart();
             //设置HTML内容
             html.setContent(mailSenderInfo.getContent(), "text/html; charset=UTF-8");

             //将内容添加到容器对象中
             mainPart.addBodyPart(html);
             //将MiniMultipart对象设置为邮件内容
             mailMessage.setContent(mainPart);
             //发送邮件
             Transport.send(mailMessage);

             return true;
         } catch (Exception e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
             return false;
         }
     }
}

3.MyAuthenticator 继承自Authenticator

import javax.mail.Authenticator;

import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;

public class MyAuthenticator  extends Authenticator{
    String userName = null;
    String password = null;

    public MyAuthenticator(String userName, String password) {
        this.userName = userName;
        this.password = password;
    }

    @Override
    protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {

        return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password);
     }
}

4.SendEmaiServlet 是邮件发送的主入口，需要注意的是其中的用户名是用于发送邮件的邮箱账号，密码是经过第三方授权的，可以通过qq邮箱，163邮箱等在身份验证后免费获取。

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.xidian.entity.Account;
import com.xidian.entity.MailSenderInfo;
import com.xidian.service.AccountService;
import com.xidian.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl;
import com.xidian.service.impl.MailSender;

public class SendEmailServlet  extends HttpServlet{
    @Override
    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        doPost(req, resp);
    }
    @Override
    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        MailSenderInfo senderInfo=new MailSenderInfo();
        String email = req.getParameter("email");
        AccountService as = new AccountServiceImpl();
        Account account = as.queryByEmail(email);
        if(account ==null){
            PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();
            out.println("<script type='text/javascript'>"+
                    "alert('您输入的邮箱不存在！');"+
                    "location.href='noRegister.jsp';"+
                    "</script>");
        }else{
            senderInfo.setUsername("[email protected]"); //用户名
            senderInfo.setPassword("xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx");      //密码
            senderInfo.setToAddress(email);//接收者
            senderInfo.setSubject("Battle邮箱验证"); //主题
            Random random = new Random();
//          int result=random.nextInt(10);
            String num = (int)(Math.random()*1000000)+"";
            String str ="您的暴雪游戏验证码为："+num+"，请保护好您的验证码安全不要告诉他人！";
            senderInfo.setContent(str); //内容
            //发送
            MailSender.sendHtmlMail(senderInfo);
            req.setAttribute("num", num);
            req.setAttribute("email", email);
            req.getRequestDispatcher("email.jsp").forward(req, resp);
        }
    }
}