MySQL数据库读写分离（基于CentOS） 《一》 主从数据库的配置

安装mysql的方法指令见  阿里云CentOS配置Java，Tomcat，MySQL

首先是在主库中创建用于同步的账户

grant replication slave,file on *.* to 'replication'@'192.168.1.108' identified by '123456';

flush privileges;

然后是修改主库的配置文件   /etc/my.cnf

log-bin=mysql-bin                 #打开mysql二进制日志
server-id=1                       #设置mysql_id，主从不能相同
binlog-do-db=testamoeba           #设置二进制日志记录的库
binlog-ignore-db=mysql            ##设置二进制日志不记录的库
sync_binlog=1

service mysql restart

然后重启MySQL服务

同时配置从库   /etc/my.cnf

log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id=2
replicate-do-db=testamoeba       #设置同步的库
replicate-ignore-db=mysql        #设置不同步的库
log-slave-updates                #同步后记录二进制日志
slave-skip-errors=all
sync_binlog=1
slave-net-timeout=60

相同的也重启MySQL服务

service mysql restart

然后登陆主库的MySQL

执行：

mysql> show master status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
             File: mysql-bin.000003333
         Position: 423332
     Binlog_Do_DB: testamoeba
 Binlog_Ignore_DB: mysql
Executed_Gtid_Set: 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

然后再登陆从库的MySQL

执行

mysql> show master status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
             File: mysql-bin.000003333
         Position: 12032321
     Binlog_Do_DB: 
 Binlog_Ignore_DB: 
Executed_Gtid_Set: 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

首先登陆MySQL先关闭从库的自动同步

mysql> stop slave;

然后配置自动同步的主库

change master to
    -> master_host='123.456.789.111',master_user='replication',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql-bin.0000033333',master_log_pos=423;

然后再开启从库的自动同步

mysql> start slave;

此时查看就会出现

mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 123.456.789.111
                  Master_User: replication
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 423
               Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 283
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: testamoeba
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 423
              Relay_Log_Space: 457
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 1
                  Master_UUID: 603b8571-6255-11e8-9ebd-525400428d31
             Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

此时再主库中插入数据便会自动同步到从库

关于读写分离，将使用阿里的中间件 amoeba 实现