在oracle中的用户中scott的几个表进行查询
这里是oracle的建表语句
1 CONNECT SCOTT/tiger 2 CREATE TABLE DEPT 3 (DEPTNO NUMBER(2) CONSTRAINT PK_DEPT PRIMARY KEY, 4 DNAME VARCHAR2(14) , 5 LOC VARCHAR2(13) ) ; 6 7 CREATE TABLE EMP 8 (EMPNO NUMBER(4) CONSTRAINT PK_EMP PRIMARY KEY, 9 ENAME VARCHAR2(10), 10 JOB VARCHAR2(9), 11 MGR NUMBER(4), 12 HIREDATE DATE, 13 SAL NUMBER(7,2), 14 COMM NUMBER(7,2), 15 DEPTNO NUMBER(2) CONSTRAINT FK_DEPTNO REFERENCES DEPT); 16 INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES 17 (10,'ACCOUNTING','NEW YORK'); 18 INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES (20,'RESEARCH','DALLAS'); 19 INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES 20 (30,'SALES','CHICAGO'); 21 INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES 22 (40,'OPERATIONS','BOSTON'); 23 INSERT INTO EMP VALUES 24 (7369,'SMITH','CLERK',7902,to_date('17-12-1980','dd-mm-yyyy'),800,NULL,20); 25 INSERT INTO EMP VALUES 26 (7499,'ALLEN','SALESMAN',7698,to_date('20-2-1981','dd-mm-yyyy'),1600,300,30); 27 INSERT INTO EMP VALUES 28 (7521,'WARD','SALESMAN',7698,to_date('22-2-1981','dd-mm-yyyy'),1250,500,30); 29 INSERT INTO EMP VALUES 30 (7566,'JONES','MANAGER',7839,to_date('2-4-1981','dd-mm-yyyy'),2975,NULL,20); 31 INSERT INTO EMP VALUES 32 (7654,'MARTIN','SALESMAN',7698,to_date('28-9-1981','dd-mm-yyyy'),1250,1400,30); 33 INSERT INTO EMP VALUES 34 (7698,'BLAKE','MANAGER',7839,to_date('1-5-1981','dd-mm-yyyy'),2850,NULL,30); 35 INSERT INTO EMP VALUES 36 (7782,'CLARK','MANAGER',7839,to_date('9-6-1981','dd-mm-yyyy'),2450,NULL,10); 37 INSERT INTO EMP VALUES 38 (7788,'SCOTT','ANALYST',7566,to_date('13-JUL-87','dd-mm-rr')-85,3000,NULL,20); 39 INSERT INTO EMP VALUES 40 (7839,'KING','PRESIDENT',NULL,to_date('17-11-1981','dd-mm-yyyy'),5000,NULL,10); 41 INSERT INTO EMP VALUES 42 (7844,'TURNER','SALESMAN',7698,to_date('8-9-1981','dd-mm-yyyy'),1500,0,30); 43 INSERT INTO EMP VALUES 44 (7876,'ADAMS','CLERK',7788,to_date('13-JUL-87', 'dd-mm-rr')-51,1100,NULL,20); 45 INSERT INTO EMP VALUES 46 (7900,'JAMES','CLERK',7698,to_date('3-12-1981','dd-mm-yyyy'),950,NULL,30); 47 INSERT INTO EMP VALUES 48 (7902,'FORD','ANALYST',7566,to_date('3-12-1981','dd-mm-yyyy'),3000,NULL,20); 49 INSERT INTO EMP VALUES 50 (7934,'MILLER','CLERK',7782,to_date('23-1-1982','dd-mm-yyyy'),1300,NULL,10); 51 52 CREATE TABLE BONUS 53 ( 54 ENAME VARCHAR2(10) , 55 JOB VARCHAR2(9) , 56 SAL NUMBER, 57 COMM NUMBER 58 ) ; 59 CREATE TABLE SALGRADE 60 ( GRADE NUMBER, 61 LOSAL NUMBER, 62 HISAL NUMBER ); 63 64 INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (1,700,1200); 65 INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (2,1201,1400); 66 INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (3,1401,2000); 67 INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (4,2001,3000); 68 INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (5,3001,9999); 69 COMMIT; 70 EXIT
与之对应的是mysql
MySQL 脚本: [sql] view plaincopyprint? use prod; CREATE TABLE dept (deptNO int(2), DNAME VARCHAR(14) , LOC VARCHAR(13), primary key(deptNO) ) ; CREATE TABLE emp (empNO int(4) , ENAME VARCHAR(10), JOB VARCHAR(9), MGR int(4), HIREDATE DATE, SAL int(7), COMM int(7), deptNO int(2), primary key(empno), foreign key(deptno) REFERENCES dept(deptno)); INSERT INTO dept VALUES (10,'ACCOUNTING','NEW YORK'); INSERT INTO dept VALUES (20,'RESEARCH','DALLAS'); INSERT INTO dept VALUES (30,'SALES','CHICAGO'); INSERT INTO dept VALUES (40,'OPERATIONS','BOSTON'); INSERT INTO emp VALUES (7369,'SMITH','CLERK',7902,date_format('1980-12-17','%Y-%m-%d'),800,NULL,20); INSERT INTO emp VALUES (7499,'ALLEN','SALESMAN',7698,date_format('1981-2-20','%Y-%m-%d'),1600,300,30); INSERT INTO emp VALUES (7521,'WARD','SALESMAN',7698,date_format('1981-2-22','%Y-%m-%d'),1250,500,30); INSERT INTO emp VALUES (7566,'JONES','MANAGER',7839,date_format('1981-4-2','%Y-%m-%d'),2975,NULL,20); INSERT INTO emp VALUES (7654,'MARTIN','SALESMAN',7698,date_format('1981-9-28','%Y-%m-%d'),1250,1400,30); INSERT INTO emp VALUES (7698,'BLAKE','MANAGER',7839,date_format('1981-5-1','%Y-%m-%d'),2850,NULL,30); INSERT INTO emp VALUES (7782,'CLARK','MANAGER',7839,date_format('1981-6-9','%Y-%m-%d'),2450,NULL,10); INSERT INTO emp VALUES (7788,'SCOTT','ANALYST',7566,date_format('1987-7-13','%Y-%m-%d'),3000,NULL,20); INSERT INTO emp VALUES (7839,'KING','PRESIDENT',NULL,date_format('1981-11-17','%Y-%m-%d'),5000,NULL,10); INSERT INTO emp VALUES (7844,'TURNER','SALESMAN',7698,date_format('1981-9-8','%Y-%m-%d'),1500,0,30); INSERT INTO emp VALUES (7876,'ADAMS','CLERK',7788,date_format('1987-6-13', '%Y-%m-%d'),1100,NULL,20); INSERT INTO emp VALUES (7900,'JAMES','CLERK',7698,date_format('1981-12-3','%Y-%m-%d'),950,NULL,30); INSERT INTO emp VALUES (7902,'FORD','ANALYST',7566,date_format('1981-12-3','%Y-%m-%d'),3000,NULL,20); INSERT INTO emp VALUES (7934,'MILLER','CLERK',7782,date_format('1982-1-23','%Y-%m-%d'),1300,NULL,10); CREATE TABLE BONUS ( ENAME VARCHAR(10) , JOB VARCHAR(9) , SAL int, COMM int ) ; CREATE TABLE SALGRADE ( GRADE int, LOSAL int, HISAL int ); INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (1,700,1200); INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (2,1201,1400); INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (3,1401,2000); INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (4,2001,3000); INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (5,3001,9999); COMMIT; SELECT deptno,ename,sal FROM emp outer WHERE sal>(SELECT avg(sal) FROM emp ) ORDER BY deptno;
表的属性
在这里用的是mysql环境,mysql和oracle在进行sql查询时基本都是相同的
emp表
dept表
SALGRADE表
相关的查询语句
单表查询
--------- 单表查询 1.查找职位是职员（Clerk）或分析员（Analyst）的雇员姓名和工种 select *from emp where job like 'CLERK' or job like 'ANALYST'; 2.查找以“S”开头的雇员姓名和所在部门 select ename, deptno from emp where ename like 'S%'; 3.查询每个雇员的年工资 select ename, 12*(sal+ifnull(comm, 0)) from emp; -- ifnul 对应nvl 4.按工资升序排列20号部门的雇员 select * from emp where deptno=20 order by sal; 5.查询工资的最高值 select max(sal) from emp; 6.查询工资最高的员工的信息 select * from emp where sal = (select max(sal) from emp); 7.查询每个部门的人数 select deptno ,count(*) from emp group by deptno; 8.查询雇员人数在4人以上的部门的部门号 select deptno from emp group by deptno having count(deptno)>4; 9.查找部门工资总和超过9000的部门,并按工资总和升序排列。 select deptno ,sum(sal) from emp group by deptno having sum(sal)>9000 order by sum(sal); 10.查找平均工资低于2000的部门号和平均工资。 select deptno, avg(sal) from emp group by deptno having avg(sal)<2000; 11.统计有奖金的员工人数。 select count(comm) from emp; 12.按照部门号升序，部门号相同的再按雇员的工资降序排列，显示雇员的信息。 select * from emp order by deptno , sal desc; 13.查询没有奖金的员工的信息。（comm字段为奖金字段） select * from emp where comm is null; -- 查询字段为null用is不能用= 14.显示在2000到3000的员工姓名和工资 select ename, sal from emp where sal >= 2000 and sal <= 3000; 15.查询每个部门的编号以及工种（job字段）信息 select distinct deptno,job from emp ;
嵌套查询
1.查询获得奖金的雇员的姓名和所在部门名称。 select ename, deptno from emp where comm > 0 ; 2.查询财务部门的员工的姓名、入职日期 、工资。 select ename,hiredate,sal from emp,dept where emp.deptno=dept.deptno and dname='ACCOUNTING'; 3.查询1981年以后入职的雇员的姓名及所在的部门名称，并按入职时间升序排序。 select ename,dname from emp,dept where emp.deptno=dept.deptno and hiredate >= '1981-01-01' order by hiredate; 4.查询每个部门的员工人数及其部门名称。 select dname, count(emp.empno) from emp, dept where emp.deptno=dept.deptno group by dname; 5.查询每个部门的雇员姓名、员工工资、工资级别和部门名称。 select ename, sal, GRADE, dname from emp, SALGRADE, dept where (emp.deptno=dept.deptno) and (emp.sal between SALGRADE.losal and SALGRADE.hisal); -- 这两个一样 select ename, sal, GRADE, dname from emp e, SALGRADE s, dept d where (e.deptno=d.deptno) and (e.sal between s.losal and s.hisal); 6.查询部门人数超过5人的部门名称。 -- 并且统计部门的个数如何写 select dname from emp, dept where emp.deptno=dept.deptno group by dname having count(emp.empno)>3; 7.1 查询SMITH的上级领导的名字; select e.ename emp_ename, b.ename mgr_ename from emp e, emp b where e.empno=b.mgr; 7.查询SMITH的上级领导的姓名及其职位和部门名称。 select ename, job, dname from emp e, dept d where empno = (select mgr from emp where ename='SMITH') and e.deptno=d.deptno; 8.查询大于员工平均工资的员工的姓名和工资 select ename, sal from emp where sal > (select avg(sal) from emp); 9.查询大于本工种的平均工资的员工的姓名和工资 -- 不一定对 select ename,sal, job, (select avg(sal) from emp e2 where e2.deptno=e1.deptno) from emp e1 where sal>(select avg(sal) from emp e2 where e2.deptno=e1.deptno); 10.查询与smith在同一部门，且工作岗位相同的员工的信息（多列子查询） -- 先查询同一部门的,然后查询同一个岗位 select * from emp where deptno = (select deptno from emp where ename='SMITH') and job = (select job from emp where ename='SMITH'); select *from emp where (deptno, job)=(select deptno,job from emp where ename='SMITH');
综合查询
前面的有几个是oracle中的操作,但是后面的查询语句都是一样的.
1.启动服务的方法 管理,打开服务 sqlplus system/sias 2.使用scott用户登录 sqlplus system/sias alter user scott account is unlock; alter user scott identified by sias; conn scott/sias 3.设置环境变量 linesize为150 set linesize 150 4.显示当前连接用户名 show user; 5.查看系统拥有哪些用户 select * from db_users; 6.用@ 或start命令将指定命令文件调入缓冲区并执行。 @d:\文件名.sql 7.显示当前用户下某个表的表结构 desc 表名 8.创建student表（sno char（4），sanme varchar（20），sex char(2),birthday date,sal number(6,2)） drop table student cascade constraints; -- 删除约束 create table student( sno char(4), sname varchar(20), sex char(2), birthday date, sal double(6,2) ---- 在 oracle中用number ) 9.创建class表（classid number（2），classname varchar(20)） drop table class cascade constraints; create table class( class int(2), -- 在oracle中用number classname varchar(20) ) 10.显示表结构，给student表增加一个字段classid; desc student; alter table student add classid char(10); 11.为表dept增加一列All_emp 用来存放部门人数 alter table dept all_emp char(10); 12.向dept表中表中插入一条记录，每个字段都有具体值 insert into dept values (1,'a','b'); 13.向student表中插入记录，记录来自一个查询结果 insert into student(sno, sname) select empno,ename from emp where empno='7369'; 14.新建一个表dept1，结构与dept相同，并将dept表中插入到dept1中 create table dept1 select *from dept; 15.将 Martin 提升为经理，工资加1000 。 update emp set job='MANAGER', sal=sal+1000 where ename='Martin'; 16.查找职位是职员（Clerk）或分析员（Analyst）的雇员姓名和工种 select ename, job from emp where job='CLERK' or job='ANALYST'; 17.查找以“S”开头的雇员姓名和所在部门 select ename, deptno from emp where ename like 'S%'; 18.查所工资大于所有20部门的雇员的信息 select * from emp where sal > (select max(sal) from emp where deptno=20); 19.查询1982年入职的员工的信息 select *from emp where hiredate like '%82'; -- 在Oracle中 select *from emp where hiredate like '1982%'; -- 在mysql中, 主要是数据不同,如果数据相同都一样 20.查询每个雇员的年工资 select ename, 12*(sal+ifnull(comm, 0)) from emp; -- ifnul 对应nvl 21.按工资升序排列20号部门的雇员 select *from emp where deptno='20' order by sal ; ----------------------------- 重新对比较 22.查询工资的最高值 select max(sal) from emp; 23.查询工资最高的员工的信息 select * from emp where sal=(select max(sal) from emp); 24.查询员工的平均工资 select avg(sal) from emp; 25.查询工资低于平均工资的员工的信息 select *from emp where sal < (select avg(sal) from emp); 26.将工资低于平均工资的员工工资增加10% update emp set sal=sal*1.1 where sal < (select avg(sal) from emp); 27.查询每个部门的人数 ---第二次还没写出来 select deptno, count(*) from emp group by deptno; 28.查询雇员人数在4人以上的部门的部门号 -- 不会 select deptno from emp group by deptno having count(*)>4; 29.部门工资总和超过9000的部门,并按工资总和升序排列。 select deptno, sum(sal) from emp group by deptno having sum(sal) > 9000 order by deptno desc; 30.查询工资高于7698号雇员，并且工种与他相同的雇员情况。 select *from emp where sal >(select sal from emp where empno='7698') and job=(select job from emp where empno='7698'); 31.查询工资高于或等于20号部门工资额最高的雇员情况 。 select *from emp where sal >= (select max(sal) from emp where deptno='20'); 32.查询20号部门的雇员工资、奖金情况 。 select sal, comm from emp where deptno='20'; 33.查询与smith部门及岗位相同的员工的信息。 select *from emp where (deptno, job)= (select deptno, job from emp where ename='SMITH'); 34.查看工资高于3000的雇员及所在部门情况 。 select * from emp, dept where emp.deptno=dept.deptno and sal>3000; 35.查询部门号为10的员工的名字，工资和部门号并按工资降序排 select ename, sal, deptno from emp where deptno='10' order by sal desc; 36.查询每位员工的员工号和工资级别。 select empno, GRADE from emp, SALGRADE where sal >= losal AND sal <= hisal; 37.查询与smith在同一部门，且工作岗位相同的员工的信息（多列子查询） select * from emp where deptno=(select deptno from emp where ename='SMITH') and job = (select job from emp where ename='SMITH'); --- 另一种写法 select *from emp where (deptno, job) = (select deptno, job from emp where ename='SMITH'); 38.查询工资低于本部门的平均工资的员工的信息 --- 不会写 select *from emp a where sal < (select avg(sal) from emp where emp.deptno=a.deptno group by deptno);
其他的查询语句
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