【STM32学习记录4】——1.44寸TFT液晶屏显示字符、汉字和图片

Author：AXYZdong
自动化专业 工科男
有一点思考，有一点想法，有一点理性

概述

MCU:某宝的STM32F407VET6最小系统板，点此详见
外部资源：某宝的TFT液晶屏（下面会附上图片）
点此下载完整工程
文末有惊喜，希望可以坚持看下去

4.1硬件设计

Pin	引脚说明
VCC	电源正
GND	电源负
NC	no connect ，不需要接线
LED	背光控制信号
CLK（SCL）	SPI总线时钟引脚
SDI（SDA）	SPI总线数据引脚
RS	寄存器/数据选择控制引脚
RST	复位控制引脚
CS	片选控制引脚

这里有个小疑问：为啥引出两个GND和NC？不知道制造商怎么想的？有知道的小伙伴可以私信我呢。

要注意一下，NC这个引脚是不需要接线的。
LED：背光控制信号，如果不需要控制时，接电源+3.3V
关键词：SPI总线驱动

4.2软件设计

4.2.1编程要点

1、初始化GPIO口来模拟SPI，每个人设置的GPIO口不同，开发板与TFT接线也会不同。之后再设置液晶屏初始化。

2、TFT驱动程序，这里的驱动程序可以参考别人写的，然后自己再加以修改或者补充。驱动程序包括：向TFT写数据，设置TFT显示区域、设置TFT某点的颜色等等，具体的在代码里注释说明。

3、取模，包括文字取模和图片取模。根据自己的需要来取模。需要取模软件的可以私信我。
（PS：其实这几个步骤和上一篇文章的OLED差不多的啦，只是修(fu)改(zhi)了一下）

4.2.2代码说明

1、宏定义Lcd_Driver.h

#define RED  	  0xf800
#define GREEN	  0x07e0
#define BLUE 	  0x001f
#define WHITE	  0xffff
#define BLACK	  0x0000
#define YELLOW  0xFFE0
#define GRAY0   0xEF7D   	    //灰色0 3165 00110 001011 00101
#define GRAY1   0x8410      	//灰色1 00000 000000 00000
#define GRAY2   0x4208      	//灰色2  1111111111011111

#define LCD_CTRL   	  	GPIOB		//定义TFT数据端口
#define LCD_LED        	GPIO_Pin_9  //MCU_PB9--->>TFT --BL
#define LCD_SCL        	GPIO_Pin_10	//PB13--->>TFT --SCL/SCK
#define LCD_SDA        	GPIO_Pin_12	//PB15 MOSI--->>TFT --SDA/DIN
#define LCD_RS         	GPIO_Pin_11	//PB11--->>TFT --RS/DC
#define LCD_RST     	  GPIO_Pin_14	//PB10--->>TFT --RST
#define LCD_CS        	GPIO_Pin_13  //MCU_PB11--->>TFT --CS/CE

//#define LCD_CS_SET(x) LCD_CTRL->ODR=(LCD_CTRL->ODR&~LCD_CS)|(x ? LCD_CS:0)
//液晶控制口置1操作语句宏定义

#define	LCD_CS_SET  	LCD_CTRL->BSRRL=LCD_CS    
#define	LCD_RS_SET  	LCD_CTRL->BSRRL=LCD_RS    
#define	LCD_SDA_SET  	LCD_CTRL->BSRRL=LCD_SDA    
#define	LCD_SCL_SET  	LCD_CTRL->BSRRL=LCD_SCL    
#define	LCD_RST_SET  	LCD_CTRL->BSRRL=LCD_RST    
#define	LCD_LED_SET  	LCD_CTRL->BSRRL=LCD_LED   

//液晶控制口置0操作语句宏定义
#define	LCD_CS_CLR  	LCD_CTRL->BSRRH=LCD_CS    
#define	LCD_RS_CLR  	LCD_CTRL->BSRRH=LCD_RS    
#define	LCD_SDA_CLR  	LCD_CTRL->BSRRH=LCD_SDA    
#define	LCD_SCL_CLR  	LCD_CTRL->BSRRH=LCD_SCL    
#define	LCD_RST_CLR  	LCD_CTRL->BSRRH=LCD_RST    
#define	LCD_LED_CLR  	LCD_CTRL->BSRRH=LCD_LED 
#define LCD_DATAOUT(x) LCD_DATA->ODR=x; //数据输出
#define LCD_DATAIN     LCD_DATA->IDR;   //数据输入
#define LCD_WR_DATA(data){\

LCD_RS_SET;\
LCD_CS_CLR;\
LCD_DATAOUT(data);\
LCD_WR_CLR;\
LCD_WR_SET;\
LCD_CS_SET;\
} 

void LCD_GPIO_Init(void);
void Lcd_WriteIndex(u8 Index);
void Lcd_WriteData(u8 Data);
void Lcd_WriteReg(u8 Index,u8 Data);
u16 Lcd_ReadReg(u8 LCD_Reg);
void Lcd_Reset(void);
void Lcd_Init(void);
void Lcd_Clear(u16 Color);
void Lcd_SetXY(u16 x,u16 y);
void Gui_DrawPoint(u16 x,u16 y,u16 Data);
unsigned int Lcd_ReadPoint(u16 x,u16 y);
void Lcd_SetRegion(u16 x_start,u16 y_start,u16 x_end,u16 y_end);
void LCD_WriteData_16Bit(u16 Data);

2、TFT驱动文件Lcd_Driver.c

#include "stm32f4xx.h"
#include "Lcd_Driver.h"
#include "LCD_Config.h"
#include "delay.h"

//本程序使用的是模拟SPI接口驱动
//可自由更改接口IO配置，使用任意最少4 IO即可完成液晶驱动显示

接口定义在Lcd_Driver.h内定义，请根据接线修改并修改相应IO初始化LCD_GPIO_Init()
#define LCD_CTRL   	  	GPIOB		//定义TFT数据端口
#define LCD_LED        	GPIO_Pin_9  //PB9--->>TFT --BL
#define LCD_RS         	GPIO_Pin_10	//PB11--->>TFT --RS/DC
#define LCD_CS        	GPIO_Pin_11  //PB11--->>TFT --CS/CE
#define LCD_RST     		GPIO_Pin_12	//PB10--->>TFT --RST
#define LCD_SCL        	GPIO_Pin_13	//PB13--->>TFT --SCL/SCK
#define LCD_SDA        	GPIO_Pin_15	//PB15 MOSI--->>TFT --SDA/DIN
*******************************************************************************/

//液晶IO初始化配置
void LCD_GPIO_Init(void)
{
	GPIO_InitTypeDef  GPIO_InitStructure;      
	RCC_AHB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOB ,ENABLE);	
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9| GPIO_Pin_10| GPIO_Pin_11| GPIO_Pin_12 | GPIO_Pin_13 | GPIO_Pin_14| GPIO_Pin_15;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_OUT;
	GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
      
}
//向SPI总线传输一个8位数据
void  SPI_WriteData(u8 Data)
{
	unsigned char i=0;
	for(i=8;i>0;i--)
	{
		if(Data&0x80)	
	  LCD_SDA_SET; //输出数据
      else LCD_SDA_CLR;
	   
      LCD_SCL_CLR;       
      LCD_SCL_SET;
      Data<<=1; 
	}
}
//向液晶屏写一个8位指令
void Lcd_WriteIndex(u8 Index)
{
   //SPI 写命令时序开始
   LCD_CS_CLR;
   LCD_RS_CLR;
	 SPI_WriteData(Index);
   LCD_CS_SET;
}

//向液晶屏写一个8位数据
void Lcd_WriteData(u8 Data)
{
   LCD_CS_CLR;
   LCD_RS_SET;
   SPI_WriteData(Data);
   LCD_CS_SET; 
}
//向液晶屏写一个16位数据
void LCD_WriteData_16Bit(u16 Data)
{
   LCD_CS_CLR;
   LCD_RS_SET;
	 SPI_WriteData(Data>>8); 	  //写入高8位数据
	 SPI_WriteData(Data); 			//写入低8位数据
   LCD_CS_SET; 
}

void Lcd_WriteReg(u8 Index,u8 Data)
{
	Lcd_WriteIndex(Index);
  Lcd_WriteData(Data);
}

void Lcd_Reset(void)
{
	LCD_RST_CLR;
	delay_ms(100);
	LCD_RST_SET;
	delay_ms(50);
}

//LCD Init For 1.44Inch LCD Panel with ST7735R.
void Lcd_Init(void)
{	
	LCD_GPIO_Init();
	Lcd_Reset(); //Reset before LCD Init.

	//LCD Init For 1.44Inch LCD Panel with ST7735R.
	Lcd_WriteIndex(0x11);//Sleep exit 
	delay_ms (120);
		
	//ST7735R Frame Rate
	Lcd_WriteIndex(0xB1); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x01); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x2C); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x2D); 

	Lcd_WriteIndex(0xB2); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x01); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x2C); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x2D); 

	Lcd_WriteIndex(0xB3); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x01); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x2C); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x2D); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x01); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x2C); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x2D); 
	
	Lcd_WriteIndex(0xB4); //Column inversion 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x07); 
	
	//ST7735R Power Sequence
	Lcd_WriteIndex(0xC0); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0xA2); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x02); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x84); 
	Lcd_WriteIndex(0xC1); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0xC5); 

	Lcd_WriteIndex(0xC2); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x0A); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x00); 

	Lcd_WriteIndex(0xC3); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x8A); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x2A); 
	Lcd_WriteIndex(0xC4); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x8A); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0xEE); 
	
	Lcd_WriteIndex(0xC5); //VCOM 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x0E); 
	
	Lcd_WriteIndex(0x36); //MX, MY, RGB mode 
	Lcd_WriteData(0xC8); 
	
	//ST7735R Gamma Sequence
	Lcd_WriteIndex(0xe0); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x0f); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x1a); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x0f); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x18); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x2f); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x28); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x20); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x22); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x1f); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x1b); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x23); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x37); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x00); 	
	Lcd_WriteData(0x07); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x02); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x10); 

	Lcd_WriteIndex(0xe1); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x0f); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x1b); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x0f); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x17); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x33); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x2c); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x29); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x2e); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x30); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x30); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x39); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x3f); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x00); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x07); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x03); 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x10);  
	
	Lcd_WriteIndex(0x2a);
	Lcd_WriteData(0x00);
	Lcd_WriteData(0x00);
	Lcd_WriteData(0x00);
	Lcd_WriteData(0x7f);

	Lcd_WriteIndex(0x2b);
	Lcd_WriteData(0x00);
	Lcd_WriteData(0x00);
	Lcd_WriteData(0x00);
	Lcd_WriteData(0x9f);
	
	Lcd_WriteIndex(0xF0); //Enable test command  
	Lcd_WriteData(0x01); 
	Lcd_WriteIndex(0xF6); //Disable ram power save mode 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x00); 
	
	Lcd_WriteIndex(0x3A); //65k mode 
	Lcd_WriteData(0x05); 
	
	
	Lcd_WriteIndex(0x29);//Display on	 
}


/*************************************************
函数名：LCD_Set_Region
功能：设置lcd显示区域，在此区域写点数据自动换行
入口参数：xy起点和终点
返回值：无
*************************************************/
void Lcd_SetRegion(u16 x_start,u16 y_start,u16 x_end,u16 y_end)
{		
	Lcd_WriteIndex(0x2a);
	Lcd_WriteData(0x00);
	Lcd_WriteData(x_start+2);
	Lcd_WriteData(0x00);
	Lcd_WriteData(x_end+2);

	Lcd_WriteIndex(0x2b);
	Lcd_WriteData(0x00);
	Lcd_WriteData(y_start+3);
	Lcd_WriteData(0x00);
	Lcd_WriteData(y_end+3);
	
	Lcd_WriteIndex(0x2c);

}

/*************************************************
函数名：LCD_Set_XY
功能：设置lcd显示起始点
入口参数：xy坐标
返回值：无
*************************************************/
void Lcd_SetXY(u16 x,u16 y)
{
  	Lcd_SetRegion(x,y,x,y);
}

	
/*************************************************
函数名：LCD_DrawPoint
功能：画一个点
入口参数：无
返回值：无
*************************************************/
void Gui_DrawPoint(u16 x,u16 y,u16 Data)
{
	Lcd_SetRegion(x,y,x+1,y+1);
	LCD_WriteData_16Bit(Data);

}    

/*****************************************
 函数功能：读TFT某一点的颜色                          
 出口参数：color  点颜色值                                 
******************************************/
unsigned int Lcd_ReadPoint(u16 x,u16 y)
{
  unsigned int Data;
  Lcd_SetXY(x,y);

  //Lcd_ReadData();//丢掉无用字节
  //Data=Lcd_ReadData();
  Lcd_WriteData(Data);
  return Data;
}
/*************************************************
函数名：Lcd_Clear
功能：全屏清屏函数
入口参数：填充颜色COLOR
返回值：无
*************************************************/
void Lcd_Clear(u16 Color)               
{	
   unsigned int i,m;
   Lcd_SetRegion(0,0,X_MAX_PIXEL-1,Y_MAX_PIXEL-1);
   Lcd_WriteIndex(0x2C);
   for(i=0;i<X_MAX_PIXEL;i++)
    for(m=0;m<Y_MAX_PIXEL;m++)
    {	
	  	LCD_WriteData_16Bit(Color);
    }   
}

3、延时函数文件delay.c

#include "stm32f4xx.h"
#include "delay.h" 
static u8  fac_us=0;//us延时倍乘数
static u16 fac_ms=0;//ms延时倍乘数
//初始化延迟函数
//SYSTICK的时钟固定为HCLK时钟的1/8
//SYSCLK:系统时钟
void delay_init(u8 SYSCLK)
{
	SysTick->CTRL&=0xfffffffb;//bit2清空,选择外部时钟  HCLK/8
	fac_us=SYSCLK/8;		    
	fac_ms=(u16)fac_us*1000;
}								    
//延时nms
//注意nms的范围
//SysTick->LOAD为24位寄存器,所以,最大延时为:
//nms<=0xffffff*8*1000/SYSCLK
//SYSCLK单位为Hz,nms单位为ms
//对72M条件下,nms<=1864 
void delay_ms(u16 nms)
{	 		  	  
	u32 temp;		   
	SysTick->LOAD=(u32)nms*fac_ms;//时间加载(SysTick->LOAD为24bit)
	SysTick->VAL =0x00;           //清空计数器
	SysTick->CTRL=0x01 ;          //开始倒数  
	do
	{
		temp=SysTick->CTRL;
	}
	while(temp&0x01&&!(temp&(1<<16)));//等待时间到达   
	SysTick->CTRL=0x00;       //关闭计数器
	SysTick->VAL =0X00;       //清空计数器	  	    
}   
//延时nus
//nus为要延时的us数.		    								   
void delay_us(u32 nus)
{		
	u32 temp;	    	 
	SysTick->LOAD=nus*fac_us; //时间加载	  		 
	SysTick->VAL=0x00;        //清空计数器
	SysTick->CTRL=0x01 ;      //开始倒数 	 
	do
	{
		temp=SysTick->CTRL;
	}
	while(temp&0x01&&!(temp&(1<<16)));//等待时间到达   
	SysTick->CTRL=0x00;       //关闭计数器
	SysTick->VAL =0X00;       //清空计数器	 
}

4、图像显示驱动文件GUI.c

#include "stm32f4xx.h"
#include "Lcd_Driver.h"
#include "GUI.h"
#include "delay.h"
#include "font.h"
//从ILI93xx读出的数据为GBR格式，而我们写入的时候为RGB格式。
//通过该函数转换
//c:GBR格式的颜色值
//返回值：RGB格式的颜色值
u16 LCD_BGR2RGB(u16 c)
{
  u16  r,g,b,rgb;   
  b=(c>>0)&0x1f;
  g=(c>>5)&0x3f;
  r=(c>>11)&0x1f;	 
  rgb=(b<<11)+(g<<5)+(r<<0);		 
  return(rgb);

}
void Gui_Circle(u16 X,u16 Y,u16 R,u16 fc) 
{//Bresenham算法 
    unsigned short  a,b; 
    int c; 
    a=0; 
    b=R; 
    c=3-2*R; 
    while (a<b) 
    { 
        Gui_DrawPoint(X+a,Y+b,fc);     //        7 
        Gui_DrawPoint(X-a,Y+b,fc);     //        6 
        Gui_DrawPoint(X+a,Y-b,fc);     //        2 
        Gui_DrawPoint(X-a,Y-b,fc);     //        3 
        Gui_DrawPoint(X+b,Y+a,fc);     //        8 
        Gui_DrawPoint(X-b,Y+a,fc);     //        5 
        Gui_DrawPoint(X+b,Y-a,fc);     //        1 
        Gui_DrawPoint(X-b,Y-a,fc);     //        4 

        if(c<0) c=c+4*a+6; 
        else 
        { 
            c=c+4*(a-b)+10; 
            b-=1; 
        } 
       a+=1; 
    } 
    if (a==b) 
    { 
        Gui_DrawPoint(X+a,Y+b,fc); 
        Gui_DrawPoint(X+a,Y+b,fc); 
        Gui_DrawPoint(X+a,Y-b,fc); 
        Gui_DrawPoint(X-a,Y-b,fc); 
        Gui_DrawPoint(X+b,Y+a,fc); 
        Gui_DrawPoint(X-b,Y+a,fc); 
        Gui_DrawPoint(X+b,Y-a,fc); 
        Gui_DrawPoint(X-b,Y-a,fc); 
    } 
	
} 
//画线函数，使用Bresenham 画线算法
void Gui_DrawLine(u16 x0, u16 y0,u16 x1, u16 y1,u16 Color)   
{
int dx,             // difference in x's
    dy,             // difference in y's
    dx2,            // dx,dy * 2
    dy2, 
    x_inc,          // amount in pixel space to move during drawing
    y_inc,          // amount in pixel space to move during drawing
    error,          // the discriminant i.e. error i.e. decision variable
    index;          // used for looping	


	Lcd_SetXY(x0,y0);
	dx = x1-x0;//计算x距离
	dy = y1-y0;//计算y距离

	if (dx>=0)
	{
		x_inc = 1;
	}
	else
	{
		x_inc = -1;
		dx    = -dx;  
	} 
	
	if (dy>=0)
	{
		y_inc = 1;
	} 
	else
	{
		y_inc = -1;
		dy    = -dy; 
	} 

	dx2 = dx << 1;
	dy2 = dy << 1;

	if (dx > dy)//x距离大于y距离，那么每个x轴上只有一个点，每个y轴上有若干个点
	{//且线的点数等于x距离，以x轴递增画点
		// initialize error term
		error = dy2 - dx; 

		// draw the line
		for (index=0; index <= dx; index++)//要画的点数不会超过x距离
		{
			//画点
			Gui_DrawPoint(x0,y0,Color);
			
			// test if error has overflowed
			if (error >= 0) //是否需要增加y坐标值
			{
				error-=dx2;

				// move to next line
				y0+=y_inc;//增加y坐标值
			} // end if error overflowed

			// adjust the error term
			error+=dy2;

			// move to the next pixel
			x0+=x_inc;//x坐标值每次画点后都递增1
		} // end for
	} // end if |slope| <= 1
	else//y轴大于x轴，则每个y轴上只有一个点，x轴若干个点
	{//以y轴为递增画点
		// initialize error term
		error = dx2 - dy; 

		// draw the line
		for (index=0; index <= dy; index++)
		{
			// set the pixel
			Gui_DrawPoint(x0,y0,Color);

			// test if error overflowed
			if (error >= 0)
			{
				error-=dy2;

				// move to next line
				x0+=x_inc;
			} // end if error overflowed

			// adjust the error term
			error+=dx2;

			// move to the next pixel
			y0+=y_inc;
		} // end for
	} // end else |slope| > 1
}



void Gui_box(u16 x, u16 y, u16 w, u16 h,u16 bc)
{
	Gui_DrawLine(x,y,x+w,y,0xEF7D);
	Gui_DrawLine(x+w-1,y+1,x+w-1,y+1+h,0x2965);
	Gui_DrawLine(x,y+h,x+w,y+h,0x2965);
	Gui_DrawLine(x,y,x,y+h,0xEF7D);
    Gui_DrawLine(x+1,y+1,x+1+w-2,y+1+h-2,bc);
}
void Gui_box2(u16 x,u16 y,u16 w,u16 h, u8 mode)
{
	if (mode==0)	{
		Gui_DrawLine(x,y,x+w,y,0xEF7D);
		Gui_DrawLine(x+w-1,y+1,x+w-1,y+1+h,0x2965);
		Gui_DrawLine(x,y+h,x+w,y+h,0x2965);
		Gui_DrawLine(x,y,x,y+h,0xEF7D);
		}
	if (mode==1)	{
		Gui_DrawLine(x,y,x+w,y,0x2965);
		Gui_DrawLine(x+w-1,y+1,x+w-1,y+1+h,0xEF7D);
		Gui_DrawLine(x,y+h,x+w,y+h,0xEF7D);
		Gui_DrawLine(x,y,x,y+h,0x2965);
	}
	if (mode==2)	{
		Gui_DrawLine(x,y,x+w,y,0xffff);
		Gui_DrawLine(x+w-1,y+1,x+w-1,y+1+h,0xffff);
		Gui_DrawLine(x,y+h,x+w,y+h,0xffff);
		Gui_DrawLine(x,y,x,y+h,0xffff);
	}
}


/**************************************************************************************
功能描述: 在屏幕显示一凸起的按钮框
输    入: u16 x1,y1,x2,y2 按钮框左上角和右下角坐标
输    出: 无
**************************************************************************************/
void DisplayButtonDown(u16 x1,u16 y1,u16 x2,u16 y2)
{
	Gui_DrawLine(x1,  y1,  x2,y1, GRAY2);  //H
	Gui_DrawLine(x1+1,y1+1,x2,y1+1, GRAY1);  //H
	Gui_DrawLine(x1,  y1,  x1,y2, GRAY2);  //V
	Gui_DrawLine(x1+1,y1+1,x1+1,y2, GRAY1);  //V
	Gui_DrawLine(x1,  y2,  x2,y2, WHITE);  //H
	Gui_DrawLine(x2,  y1,  x2,y2, WHITE);  //V
}

/**************************************************************************************
功能描述: 在屏幕显示一凹下的按钮框
输    入: u16 x1,y1,x2,y2 按钮框左上角和右下角坐标
输    出: 无
**************************************************************************************/
void DisplayButtonUp(u16 x1,u16 y1,u16 x2,u16 y2)
{
	Gui_DrawLine(x1,  y1,  x2,y1, WHITE); //H
	Gui_DrawLine(x1,  y1,  x1,y2, WHITE); //V
	
	Gui_DrawLine(x1+1,y2-1,x2,y2-1, GRAY1);  //H
	Gui_DrawLine(x1,  y2,  x2,y2, GRAY2);  //H
	Gui_DrawLine(x2-1,y1+1,x2-1,y2, GRAY1);  //V
    Gui_DrawLine(x2  ,y1  ,x2,y2, GRAY2); //V
}


void Gui_DrawFont_GBK16(u16 x, u16 y, u16 fc, u16 bc, u8 *s)
{
	unsigned char i,j;
	unsigned short k,x0;
	x0=x;

	while(*s) 
	{	
		if((*s) < 128) 
		{
			k=*s;
			if (k==13) 
			{
				x=x0;
				y+=16;
			}
			else 
			{
				if (k>32) k-=32; else k=0;
	
			    for(i=0;i<16;i++)
				for(j=0;j<8;j++) 
					{
				    	if(asc16[k*16+i]&(0x80>>j))	Gui_DrawPoint(x+j,y+i,fc);
						else 
						{
							if (fc!=bc) Gui_DrawPoint(x+j,y+i,bc);
						}
					}
				x+=8;
			}
			s++;
		}
			
		else 
		{
		

			for (k=0;k<hz16_num;k++) 
			{
			  if ((hz16[k].Index[0]==*(s))&&(hz16[k].Index[1]==*(s+1)))
			  { 
				    for(i=0;i<16;i++)
				    {
						for(j=0;j<8;j++) 
							{
						    	if(hz16[k].Msk[i*2]&(0x80>>j))	Gui_DrawPoint(x+j,y+i,fc);
								else {
									if (fc!=bc) Gui_DrawPoint(x+j,y+i,bc);
								}
							}
						for(j=0;j<8;j++) 
							{
						    	if(hz16[k].Msk[i*2+1]&(0x80>>j))	Gui_DrawPoint(x+j+8,y+i,fc);
								else 
								{
									if (fc!=bc) Gui_DrawPoint(x+j+8,y+i,bc);
								}
							}
				    }
				}
			  }
			s+=2;x+=16;
		} 
		
	}
}

void Gui_DrawFont_GBK24(u16 x, u16 y, u16 fc, u16 bc, u8 *s)
{
	unsigned char i,j;
	unsigned short k;

	while(*s) 
	{
		if( *s < 0x80 ) 
		{
			k=*s;
			if (k>32) k-=32; else k=0;

		    for(i=0;i<16;i++)
			for(j=0;j<8;j++) 
				{
			    	if(asc16[k*16+i]&(0x80>>j))	
					Gui_DrawPoint(x+j,y+i,fc);
					else 
					{
						if (fc!=bc) Gui_DrawPoint(x+j,y+i,bc);
					}
				}
			s++;x+=8;
		}
		else 
		{

			for (k=0;k<hz24_num;k++) 
			{
			  if ((hz24[k].Index[0]==*(s))&&(hz24[k].Index[1]==*(s+1)))
			  { 
				    for(i=0;i<24;i++)
				    {
						for(j=0;j<8;j++) 
							{
						    	if(hz24[k].Msk[i*3]&(0x80>>j))
								Gui_DrawPoint(x+j,y+i,fc);
								else 
								{
									if (fc!=bc) Gui_DrawPoint(x+j,y+i,bc);
								}
							}
						for(j=0;j<8;j++) 
							{
						    	if(hz24[k].Msk[i*3+1]&(0x80>>j))	Gui_DrawPoint(x+j+8,y+i,fc);
								else {
									if (fc!=bc) Gui_DrawPoint(x+j+8,y+i,bc);
								}
							}
						for(j=0;j<8;j++) 
							{
						    	if(hz24[k].Msk[i*3+2]&(0x80>>j))	
								Gui_DrawPoint(x+j+16,y+i,fc);
								else 
								{
									if (fc!=bc) Gui_DrawPoint(x+j+16,y+i,bc);
								}
							}
				    }
			  }
			}
			s+=2;x+=24;
		}
	}
}
void Gui_DrawFont_Num32(u16 x, u16 y, u16 fc, u16 bc, u16 num)
{
	unsigned char i,j,k,c;
	//lcd_text_any(x+94+i*42,y+34,32,32,0x7E8,0x0,sz32,knum[i]);
//	w=w/8;

    for(i=0;i<32;i++)
	{
		for(j=0;j<4;j++) 
		{
			c=*(sz32+num*32*4+i*4+j);
			for (k=0;k<8;k++)	
			{
	
		    	if(c&(0x80>>k))	Gui_DrawPoint(x+j*8+k,y+i,fc);
				else {
					if (fc!=bc) Gui_DrawPoint(x+j*8+k,y+i,bc);
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

5、TFT显示图像文件QDTFT_demo.c

#include "stm32f4xx.h"
#include "Lcd_Driver.h"
#include "GUI.h"
#include "delay.h"
#include "Picture.h"
#include "QDTFT_demo.h"
unsigned char Num[10]={0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
void Redraw_Mainmenu(void)
{

	Lcd_Clear(GRAY0);
	
	Gui_DrawFont_GBK16(48,0,BLUE,GRAY0,"CSDN");
	
//	DisplayButtonUp(15,18,113,28);
	Gui_DrawFont_GBK16(32,20,RED,GRAY0,"AXYZdong");

	DisplayButtonUp(15,38,113,58); //x1,y1,x2,y2
	Gui_DrawFont_GBK16(32,40,YELLOW,GRAY0,"文字显示");

	DisplayButtonUp(15,68,113,88); //x1,y1,x2,y2
	Gui_DrawFont_GBK16(2,70,BLUE,GRAY0,"Tel:17855525056");

	DisplayButtonUp(15,98,113,118); //x1,y1,x2,y2
	Gui_DrawFont_GBK16(0,100,RED,GRAY0,"www.AXYZdong.com");
	delay_ms(1500);
}

void Num_Test(void)
{
	u8 i=0;
	Lcd_Clear(GRAY0);
	Gui_DrawFont_GBK16(32,60,RED,GRAY0,"Num Test");
	delay_ms(1000);
	Lcd_Clear(GRAY0);

	for(i=0;i<10;i++)
	{
	Gui_DrawFont_Num32((i%3)*42,32*(i/3),RED,GRAY0,Num[i+1]);
	delay_ms(100);
	}
	
}

void Font_Test(void)
{
	Lcd_Clear(GRAY0);
	Gui_DrawFont_GBK16(16,60,BLUE,GRAY0,"文字显示测试");

	delay_ms(1000);
	Lcd_Clear(GRAY0);
	Gui_DrawFont_GBK16(16,20,YELLOW,GRAY0,"全动电子技术");
	Gui_DrawFont_GBK16(16,40,BLUE,GRAY0,"专注液晶批发");
	Gui_DrawFont_GBK16(16,60,RED,GRAY0, "全程技术支持");
	Gui_DrawFont_GBK16(4,80,BLUE,GRAY0,"Tel:17855525056");
	Gui_DrawFont_GBK16(4,100,RED,GRAY0, "www.youdong.com");	
	delay_ms(1800);	
}

void Color_Test(void)
{
	u8 i=1;
	Lcd_Clear(GRAY0);
	
	Gui_DrawFont_GBK16(24,60,BLUE,GRAY0,"Color Test");
	delay_ms(200);

	while(i--)
	{
		Lcd_Clear(WHITE);
		Lcd_Clear(BLACK);
		Lcd_Clear(RED);
	  Lcd_Clear(GREEN);
	  Lcd_Clear(BLUE);
	}		
}

//取模方式 水平扫描 从左到右 低位在前
void showimage(const unsigned char *p) //显示40*40 QQ图片
{
  	int i,j,k; 
	unsigned char picH,picL;
	Lcd_Clear(WHITE); //清屏  
	
	for(k=0;k<3;k++)
	{
	   	for(j=0;j<3;j++)
		{	
			Lcd_SetRegion(40*j,40*k,40*j+39,40*k+39);		//坐标设置
		    for(i=0;i<40*40;i++)
			 {	
			 	picL=*(p+i*2);	//数据低位在前
				picH=*(p+i*2+1);				
				LCD_WriteData_16Bit(picH<<8|picL);  						
			 }	
		 }
	}		
}

//取模方式 水平扫描 从左到右 低位在前
void showphoto(const unsigned char *p) //显示128*128图片
{
  	int i; 
	unsigned char picH,picL;
//	Lcd_Clear(WHITE); //清屏  
	
	Lcd_SetRegion(0,0,127,127);		//坐标设置
		for(i=0;i<128*128;i++)
	 {	
		picL=*(p+i*2);	//数据低位在前
		picH=*(p+i*2+1);				
		LCD_WriteData_16Bit(picH<<8|picL);  						
	 }		
}
void QDTFT_Test_Demo(void)
{
//	Lcd_Init();
	LCD_LED_SET;//通过IO控制背光亮				
	Redraw_Mainmenu();//绘制主菜单(部分内容由于分辨率超出物理值可能无法显示)
//	Color_Test();//简单纯色填充
//	Num_Test();//数码管字体
//	Font_Test();//中英文显示		
//	showphoto(gImage_Robotmaster);//图片显示示例
//	delay_ms(1200);
//	LCD_LED_CLR;//IO控制背光灭	
}

6、主函数main.c

//  作    者   : AXYZdong
//  生成日期   : 2020-02-03
//  最近修改   : 2020-03-02 
//  功能描述   : TFT SPI接口演示例程(stm32系列)
//              GND    电源地
//              VCC  接5V或3.3v电源
//              LED  接PB9
//              SCL  接PB10
//              SDA  接PB12
//              RS   接PB11
//              RST  接PB14
//              CS   接PB13               
//              ------------------------------------------------------------ 

/*Left--Right Pin:VCC GND GND NC NC LED SCL SDA RS RST CS*/

#include "stm32f4xx.h"
#include "delay.h"
#include "QDTFT_demo.h"
#include "Lcd_Driver.h"
#include "GUI.h"


int main(void)
{

  SystemInit(); 	//System init.
  delay_init(72);   //Delay init.
  Lcd_Init();
  while(1)
  {  
	QDTFT_Test_Demo();	//See the test details in QDTFT_Demo.c		
  }

}

上的代码比较多，如有不懂的地方可以私信我呢。
上面程序实现的功能我拍了两张图片，可以看看。

当然，显示字符、汉字和图片是TFT最最基本的功能，作为一个显示的媒介，如果与其他的器件建立起通信，将其他器件产生的信息在TFT上显示出来，这样我们就可以直观的获取想要的信息。

那么，该如何建立相互之间的通信关系？如何直观的显示在TFT上？是我今后所要探索和学习的地方。博客也会不定期更新，期待不久的某一篇会更新到相关内容。（hhh，先卖个关子）

下一篇，更精彩！

码字不易，大家的支持就是我坚持下去的动力。点赞后不要忘了关注我哦！