算法--Longest Palindromic Substring

Given a string s, find the longest palindromic substring in s. You may assume that the maximum length of s is 1000.

Input: "babad" Output: "bab" Note: "aba" is also a valid answer.

求最大回文子串,考虑回文串的特点:依据中心点左右对称,分为两种情况,字符串长度为奇数时“aba”和长度为偶数时“abba”.

给定一个字符串求其最大回文串串,可以考虑回文串中心点的位置,依次遍历每一个字符作为回文串的中心点,考虑奇偶两种情况:

当为奇数时,可以双指针i,i直接向两边遍历,直到两指针的下一个字符不相等,即两指针此时指向最长的回文串起始点;

当为偶数时,利用双指针i,i+1,依次向两边遍历求解,直到两指针的下一个字符不相等,即两指针此时指向最长的回文串起始点。

def helper(s, i, j):
    if s[i]!=s[j]:
        return 1, i
    while i>0 and j<len(s)-1:
        if s[i-1]==s[j+1]:
            i -= 1
            j += 1
        else:
            break
    return j-i+1,i

当字符串长度为偶数并且初始s[i]!=s[j=i+1],可以直接返回

否则此时i,j指向了回文串的起始点,奇数指向同一个字符,偶数指向前后不同字符

完整程序如下:

第一个写python调试程序,辅助方法写进类内,一直调试不通过,后来查了一下,如果方法写入类内,需要方法声明self变量

def helper(s, i, j):
    if s[i]!=s[j]:
        return 1, i
    while i>0 and j<len(s)-1:
        if s[i-1]==s[j+1]:
            i -= 1
            j += 1
        else:
            break
    return j-i+1,i
    
class Solution:     
    def longestPalindrome(self, s):
        """
        :type s: str
        :rtype: str
        """
        if len(s)==1:
            return s
        maxlength = 0
        lo = 0
        for i in range(len(s)-1):
            m1,i1 = helper(s, i, i+1)       
            if m1>=maxlength:
                lo = i1
                maxlength = m1
            #print (m1, i1, i1+maxlength)
            m2,i2 = helper(s, i, i)        
            if m2>=maxlength:
                lo = i2
                maxlength = m2
            #print (m2, i2, i2+maxlength)
            #maxlength = max(maxlength, helper(s, i, i+1), helper(s, i, i))
        #print (lo, s[lo:lo+maxlength], maxlength)    
        return s[lo:lo+maxlength]
    

看了一下大神的程序又改了一下:简洁了很多:

class Solution: 
    
    def helper(self, s, i, j):
        if s[i]!=s[j]:
            return s[i]
        while i>0 and j<len(s)-1:
            if s[i-1]==s[j+1]:
                i -= 1
                j += 1
            else:
                break
        return s[i:j+1]

    def longestPalindrome(self, s):
        """
        :type s: str
        :rtype: str
        """
        if len(s)==1:
            return s
        r = '' 
        for i in range(len(s)-1):
            l1 = self.helper(s, i, i+1)       
            if len(l1)>=len(r):
                r = l1
            l2 = self.helper(s, i, i)        
            if len(l2)>=len(r):
                r = l2              
        return r
    

python中类方法的定义:

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转载自blog.csdn.net/u014106644/article/details/84070391
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