C语言实现BMP图像旋转

实现图像旋转，首先要对图像的存储，图像的读写比较清楚，在此基础上进行线性变换。以下代码为逆时针旋转90度，后续会给出旋转任意角度的代码：

核心还是掌握旋转时的前后变换。变换的过程可以归结为：首先将图像坐标变换为数学坐标，然后在数学坐标上进行变换，然后在进行逆变换，得到在图像坐标上的变换。同时需要求出各个变换的逆变换。


#include <Windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main(){
	FILE *fp = fopen("./01.bmp", "rb");
	if (fp == 0){
		printf("文件打开失败\n");
		return 0;
	}

	BITMAPFILEHEADER fileHead;
	BITMAPINFOHEADER infoHead;
	fread(&fileHead, sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER), 1, fp);
	fread(&infoHead, sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER), 1, fp);

	int width = infoHead.biWidth;
	int height = infoHead.biHeight;
	int biCount = infoHead.biBitCount;
	int lineByte = (width*biCount / 8 + 3) / 4 * 4;

	RGBQUAD *pColorTable;

	pColorTable = new RGBQUAD[256];
	fread(pColorTable, sizeof(RGBQUAD), 256, fp);

	unsigned char *pBmpBuf;
	pBmpBuf = new unsigned char[lineByte*height];
	fread(pBmpBuf, lineByte*height, 1, fp);
	fclose(fp);
	
	// 右旋转90
	unsigned char *pBmpBuf3;
	int lineByte3 = (height*biCount / 8 + 3) / 4 * 4;

	pBmpBuf3 = new unsigned char[lineByte3*width];
	for (int i = 0; i < width; ++i){
		for (int j = 0; j < height; ++j){
			unsigned char *p;
			p = (unsigned char *)(pBmpBuf3 + lineByte3*i + j);
			(*p) = 255;
		}
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < width; ++i){
		for (int j = 0; j < height; ++j){
			unsigned char *p,*p3;
			p = (unsigned char *)(pBmpBuf + lineByte*j + i);  // 原图像
			p3 = (unsigned char *)(pBmpBuf3 + lineByte3*i + height-j-1);// 新图像
			(*p3) = (*p);
		}
	}

	FILE *fpo = fopen("./rotate90N.bmp", "wb");
	if (fpo == 0)
		return 0;
	
	fwrite(&fileHead, sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER), 1, fpo);
    
	BITMAPINFOHEADER infoHead3;
	infoHead3.biBitCount = biCount;
	infoHead3.biClrImportant = 0;
	infoHead3.biClrUsed = 0;
	infoHead3.biCompression = 0;
	infoHead3.biHeight = width;
	infoHead3.biPlanes = 1;
	infoHead3.biSize = 40;
	infoHead3.biSizeImage = lineByte3*width;
	infoHead3.biWidth = height;
	infoHead3.biXPelsPerMeter = 0;
	infoHead3.biYPelsPerMeter = 0;

	fwrite(&infoHead3, sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER), 1, fpo);
	fwrite(pColorTable, sizeof(RGBQUAD), 256, fpo);
	fwrite(pBmpBuf3, lineByte3*width, 1, fpo);
	fclose(fpo);

	system("pause");
	return 1;
}

实验结果：

原图逆时针旋转90度

C语言实现BMP图像旋转

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