操作系统层面配置：
临时关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
永久防火墙开机自启动
systemctl disable firewalld
临时打开防火墙
systemctl start firewalld
防火墙开机启动
systemctl enable firewalld
查看防火墙状态
systemctl status firewalld
临时关闭SELinux
setenforce 0
永久关闭
编辑/etc/selinux/config文件，将SELINUX的值设置为disabled
操作系统层面资源限制
$ vim /etc/security/limits.conf，添加：
mysql soft nproc 2047
mysql hard nproc 16384
mysql soft nofile 1024
mysql hard nofile 65535
配置host信息
[root@cluster3 bin]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.0.210 cluster1
192.168.0.220 cluster2
192.168.0.230 cluster3
安装mysql
mysql-8.0/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --basedir=/u01/mysql-8.0.13 --datadir=/data/ --user=mysql
配置mysql参数文件
[client]
default-character-set = utf8
port = 4804
socket = /data/s4/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
user = mysql
character_set_server = utf8
basedir = /u01/mysql-8.0.13
datadir = /data
tmpdir = /data
log-error = /data/mysql_error.log
pid-file = /data/mysql.pid
port = 3306
socket = /data/mysql.sock
max_connections = 3000
open_files_limit = 65535
max_connect_errors = 6000
skip-host-cache
skip-external-locking
skip-name-resolve
max_allowed_packet = 32M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
join_buffer_size = 2M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
thread_cache_size = 300
tmp_table_size = 64M
max_heap_table_size = 64M
skip-host-cache
skip-name-resolve
binlog_format = ROW
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
#INNODB
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 200M
innodb_log_file_size = 50M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_file_per_table = 1
default-storage-engine = InnoDB
#log
expire_logs_days = 5
slow_query_log = true
long_query_time = 5
slow-query-log-file = /data/mysql_slow.log
lower_case_table_names=0
# Replication configuration parameters
server_id=1
gtid_mode=ON
enforce_gtid_consistency=ON
binlog_checksum=NONE
log-bin=mysql-bin
log_slave_updates=ON
binlog_format=ROW
master_info_repository=TABLE
relay_log_info_repository=TABLE
启动mysql后，配置用户
MGR所需权限
CREATE USER rpl_user@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO rpl_user@'%';
GRANT BACKUP_ADMIN ON *.* TO rpl_user@'%';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
GRANT SELECT ON mysql_innodb_cluster_metadata.* TO your_user@'%';
GRANT SELECT ON performance_schema.global_status TO your_user@'%';
GRANT SELECT ON performance_schema.replication_applier_configuration TO your_user@'%';
GRANT SELECT ON performance_schema.replication_applier_status TO your_user@'%';
GRANT SELECT ON performance_schema.replication_applier_status_by_coordinator TO your_user@'%';
GRANT SELECT ON performance_schema.replication_applier_status_by_worker TO your_user@'%';
GRANT SELECT ON performance_schema.replication_connection_configuration TO your_user@'%';
GRANT SELECT ON performance_schema.replication_connection_status TO your_user@'%';
GRANT SELECT ON performance_schema.replication_group_member_stats TO your_user@'%';
GRANT SELECT ON performance_schema.replication_group_members TO your_user@'%';
GRANT SELECT ON performance_schema.threads TO your_user@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;
简单创建用户
SET SQL_LOG_BIN=0;
CREATE USER root@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 123456;
GRANT all on *.* TO root@'%';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
SET SQL_LOG_BIN=1;
安装mgr插件
INSTALL PLUGIN group_replication SONAME 'group_replication.so';
SHOW PLUGINS;
Mysql shell配置集群
检查三个实例是否满足innodb cluster要求
dba.configureInstance('repl@cluster1:3306)
dba.configureInstance('repl@cluster2:3306)
dba.configureInstance('repl@cluster3:3306)
连接某一个实例，开始创建集群
\connect root@cluster1:3306
var cluster = dba.createCluster('myCluster')
var cluster = dba.getCluster()
cluster.addInstance(root@cluster2:3306')
cluster.addInstance('root@cluster3: 3306')
查看集群状态
cluster.status()
配置mysql router
安装
./mysqlrouter --bootstrap root@cluster1:3306 --directory /u01/mysql-router-8.0.13/ --user=mysql
自动生成启动脚本
./data/start.sh
Mgr监控视图
SELECT * FROM performance_schema.replication_group_members\G
performance_schema.replication_group_member_stats
performance_schema.replication_group_members
These Perfomance Schema replication tables also show information about Group Replication:
performance_schema.replication_connection_status shows information regarding Group
Replication, for example the transactions that have been received from the group and queued in the
applier queue (the relay log).
performance_schema.replication_applier_status shows the state of the Group Replication
related channels and threads If there are many different worker threads applying transactions, then the
worker tables can also be used to monitor what each worker thread is doing.
The replication channels created by the Group Replication plugin are named:
group_replication_recovery - This channel is used for the replication changes that are related to
the distributed recovery phase.
group_replication_applier - This channel is used for the incoming changes from the group. This
is the channel used to apply transactions coming directly from the group.
The following sections describe how to interpret the information available.
##改变主的位置
SELECT group_replication_set_as_primary('102c2bc6-18c1-11e9-92a6-000c296459b4');
##修改mgr为单主模式
##Changing to Single-Primary Mode
SELECT group_replication_switch_to_single_primary_mode()
##修改mgr为多主模式
SELECT group_replication_switch_to_multi_primary_mode()
dba.dropMetadataSchema()
cluster.removeInstance("root@cluster2:3306", {force: true})
##重新启动集群
var cluster = dba.rebootClusterFromCompleteOutage();
dba.configureInstance()dba.createCluster()Cluster.addInstance()Cluster.removeInstance()·Cluster.rejoinInstance()·Cluster.rescan()
集群常用操作命令
dba.checkInstanceConfiguration("root@hostname:3306") // 检查节点配置实例，用于加入cluster之前
dba.rebootClusterFromCompleteOutage('myCluster'); //重启
dba.dropMetadataSchema(); //删除schema
var cluster = dba.getCluster('myCluster') // 获取当前集群
cluster.checkInstanceState("root@hostname:3306") //检查cluster里节点状态
cluster.rejoinInstance("root@hostname:3306") // 重新加入节点，我本地测试的时候发现rejoin一直无效，每次是delete后
addcluster.dissolve({force：true}) // 删除集群
cluster.addInstance("root@hostname:3306") // 增加节点
cluster.removeInstance("root@hostname:3306") // 删除节点
cluster.removeInstance('root@host:3306',{force:true}) // 强制删除节点
cluster.dissolve({force:true}) //解散集群
cluster.describe();//集群描述
cluster.rescan(); //update the metadata
常见问题
问题1：[ERROR] Slave SQL for channel 'group_replication_recovery': Could not execute Write_rows event on table mysql_innodb_cluster_metadata.instances; Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (mysql_innodb_cluster_metadata.instances, CONSTRAINT instances_ibfk_1 FOREIGN KEY (host_id) REFERENCES hosts (host_id)), Error_code: 1452; handler error HA_ERR_NO_REFERENCED_ROW; the event's master log binlog.000001, end_log_pos 3059, Error_code: 1452
解决方式：清空表mysql_innodb_cluster_metadata.hosts; 重新建立集群
问题2：This member has more executed transactions than those present in the group
解决方式：
mysql-> stop group_replication;
mysql-> reset master;
问题3：用户操作系统资源的限制
[Warning] Buffered warning: Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)
[Warning] Buffered warning: Changed limits: table_open_cache: 431 (requested 2000)
解决方式：
$ vim /etc/security/limits.conf，添加：
mysql soft nproc 2047
mysql hard nproc 16384
mysql soft nofile 1024
mysql hard nofile 65535
问题4：dba.rebootClusterFromCompleteOutage: The active session instance isn't the most updated in comparison with the ONLINE instances of the Cluster's metadata.
在集群没有起来时某些机器的数据表发生变动，导致数据不一致；
解决方式：
所有MySQL机器通过reset master命令清空binlogs
mysql> reset master;
mysql> show master logs;
然后再运行Dba.rebootClusterFromCompleteOutage重启集群。
问题5：service mysql restart无法重启mysql，mysql stuck，并一直输出日志'[Note] Plugin group_replication reported: '[GCS] cli_err 2''
解决方式：唯一停止MySQL的命令为：sudo pkill -9 mysqld
问题6：如何将Multi-Primary改为Single-Primary？
(1). 解散原来的集群：mysql-js> cluster.dissolve({force: true})
(2). 每台主机MySQL修改如下配置：
mysql> set global group_replication_enforce_update_everywhere_checks=OFF;
mysql> set global group_replication_single_primary_mode=ON;
(3). 重新创建集群：
mysql-js> var cluster = dba.createCluster('mysqlCluster');
mysql-js> cluster.addInstance('chianyu@svr2:3306');
mysql-js> cluster.addInstance('chianyu@svr3:3306');
mysql router+keepalived做高可用
yum –y install keepalived*
[root@cluster1 mysql-router-8.0.13]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
vrrp_script chk_router {
script "/u01/mysql-router-8.0.13/check_router.sh"
interval 2
weight -20
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface ens33
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
track_script {
chk_router
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.0.200
}
}
检查脚本：
[root@cluster1 mysql-router-8.0.13]# cat check_router.sh
#!/bin/bash
counter=$(netstat -na|grep "LISTEN"|grep "6446"|wc -l)
if [ "${counter}" -eq 0 ]; then
systemctl stop keepalived
fi
配置完成后，查看/var/log/message日志
[root@cluster2 mysql-router-8.0.13]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
vrrp_script chk_router {
script "/u01/mysql-router-8.0.13/check_router.sh"
interval 2
weight -20
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state backup
interface ens33
virtual_router_id 51
priority 95
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
track_script {
chk_router
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.0.200
}
}
给脚本授权
chown mysql:mysql check_router.sh
chmod 755 check_router.sh
启动keepalived
systemctl start keepalived
systemctl stop keepalived
LVS dr模式配置
1）安装ipvsadm
yum -y install ipvsadm
（2）设置ipv4转发
sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
控制节点执行脚本
[root@cluster1 opt]# cat 1.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
vip=192.168.0.200
iface='ens33:0'
mask='255.255.255.255'
port='6446'
rs1='192.168.0.220'
rs2='192.168.0.230'
scheduler='wrr'
case $1 in
start)
ifconfig $iface $vip netmask $mask broadcast $vip up
iptables -F
ipvsadm -A -t ${vip}:${port} -s $scheduler
ipvsadm -a -t ${vip}:${port} -r $rs1 -g -w 1
ipvsadm -a -t ${vip}:${port} -r $rs2 -g -w 2
;;
stop)
ipvsadm -C
ifconfig $iface down
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $(basename $0) {start|stop|status}"
exit 1
;;
esac
实际处理节点
[root@cluster2 opt]# cat 1.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
vip=192.168.0.200
mask='255.255.255.255'
case $1 in
start)
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 $vip netmask $mask broadcast $vip up
route add -host $vip dev lo:0
;;
stop)
/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 down
echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
route del -host $vip dev lo:0
;;
status)
# Status of LVS-DR real server.
islothere=`/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 | grep $vip`
isrothere=`netstat -rn | grep "lo:0" | grep $vip`
if [ ! "$islothere" -o ! "isrothere" ]; then
# Either the route or the lo:0 device
# not found.
echo "LVS-DR real server Stopped."
else
echo "LVS-DR real server Running."
fi
;;
*)
echo "Usage $(basename $0) start|stop"
exit 1
;;
esac
查看分发情况
[root@cluster1 opt]# ipvsadm -L -n --stats
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Conns InPkts OutPkts InBytes OutBytes
-> RemoteAddress:Port
TCP 192.168.0.200:6446 0 0 0 0 0
-> 192.168.0.220:6446 0 0 0 0 0
-> 192.168.0.230:6446 0 0 0 0 0
TCP 192.168.0.200:6447 0 0 0 0 0
-> 192.168.0.220:6447 0 0 0 0 0
-> 192.168.0.230:6447 0 0 0 0 0