初学UE5 C++②

企业开发 2023-12-16 23:00:53 阅读次数: 0

目录

导入csv表格数据

创建、实例化、结构体

GameInstance

Actor

camera

绑定滚轮控制摇臂移动

碰撞绑定

角色碰撞设定 

按钮

UI显示 

单播代理

多播和动态多播

写一个接口

其他

 NewObject 和 CreateDefaultSubobject区别

导入csv表格数据

创建一个object的C++类

// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.

#pragma once

#include "CoreMinimal.h"
#include "UObject/NoExportTypes.h"
#include "CharacterMsgObject.generated.h"

USTRUCT(BlueprintType)
struct class CharacterMSG:public FTableRowBase {
	GENERATED_USTRUCT_BODY()
	UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere,BlueprintReadWrite,Category="CharacterMsg")
		FString Name;
	UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere,BlueprintReadWrite,Category="CharacterMsg")
		float Health;
	UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere,BlueprintReadWrite,Category="CharacterMsg")
		int32 Level;
}
UCLASS()
class CPDD1_API UCharacterMsgObject : public UObject
{
	GENERATED_BODY()
	
};

编译生成

做一个csv表格，对应结构体的元素

 拖拽csv到UE5中

导入时选中上述创建的结构体

创建、实例化、结构体

// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.

#pragma once

#include "CoreMinimal.h"
#include "Engine/Classes/Engine/DataTable.h"
#include "UObject/NoExportTypes.h"
#include "CharacterMsgObject.generated.h"

USTRUCT(BlueprintType)
struct FCharacterMSG :public FTableRowBase 
{
	GENERATED_USTRUCT_BODY()
	FCharacterMSG();//略
	UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere, BlueprintReadWrite, Category = "CharacterMsg")
	FString Name;
	UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere, BlueprintReadWrite, Category = "CharacterMsg")
	float Health;
	UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere, BlueprintReadWrite, Category = "CharacterMsg")
	int32 Level;


};
UCLASS()
class CPDD1_API UCharacterMsgObject : public UObject
{
	GENERATED_BODY()
public:
	FCharacterMSG CMSG;//供实体类调用
};

	//创建实例
		UCharacterMsgObject* MyTestMSGObject;
	MyTestMSGObject = NewObject<UCharacterMsgObject>(GetWorld(), UCharacterMsgObject::StaticClass());
	if (MyTestMSGObject) {
		UE_LOG(LogTemp, Warning, TEXT("MyObject is %s"), *MyTestMSGObject->GetName());
		UE_LOG(LogTemp, Warning, TEXT("NAME is %s"), *MyTestMSGObject->CMSG.Name);
		UE_LOG(LogTemp, Warning, TEXT("HEALTH is %f"), MyTestMSGObject->CMSG.Health);
		UE_LOG(LogTemp, Warning, TEXT("LEVEL is %d"), MyTestMSGObject->CMSG.Level);

	}

GameInstance

UMyGameInstance* MyGameInstance;

MyGameInstance = Cast<UMyGameInstance>(GetWorld()->GetFirstPlayerController()->GetGameInstance());

应用游戏实例类 

Actor

// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.

#pragma once

#include "CoreMinimal.h"
#include "Components/SceneComponent.h"
#include "Components/StaticMeshComponent.h"
#include "Components/BoxComponent.h"
#include "Particles/ParticleSystemComponent.h"
#include "Components/AudioComponent.h"
#include "GameFramework/Actor.h"
#include "MyActor.generated.h"

UCLASS()
class CPDD1_API AMyActor : public AActor
{
	GENERATED_BODY()
	
public:	
	// Sets default values for this actor's properties
	AMyActor();

protected:
	// Called when the game starts or when spawned
	virtual void BeginPlay() override;

public:	
	// Called every frame
	virtual void Tick(float DeltaTime) override;


	UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere,BlueprintReadWrite,Category="MySceneComponent")
		class USceneComponent* MyScene;
	UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere,BlueprintReadWrite,Category="MySceneComponent")
		class UStaticMeshComponent* MyMesh;
	UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere,BlueprintReadWrite,Category="MySceneComponent")
		class UParticleSystemComponent* MyParticle;
	UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere,BlueprintReadWrite,Category="MySceneComponent")
		class UBoxComponent* MyBox;
	UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere,BlueprintReadWrite,Category="MySceneComponent")
		class UAudioComponent* MyAudio;

};

AMyActor::AMyActor()
{
 	// Set this actor to call Tick() every frame.  You can turn this off to improve performance if you don't need it.
	PrimaryActorTick.bCanEverTick = true;
	MyScene = CreateDefaultSubobject<USceneComponent>(TEXT("MyCustomScene"));
	MyMesh = CreateDefaultSubobject<UStaticMeshComponent>(TEXT("MyCustomScene"));
	MyParticle = CreateDefaultSubobject<UParticleSystemComponent>(TEXT("MyCustomParticleSystem"));
	MyBox = CreateDefaultSubobject<UBoxComponent>(TEXT("MyCustomBox"));
	MyAudio = CreateDefaultSubobject<UAudioComponent>(TEXT("MyCustomAudio"));

	RootComponent = MyScene;
	MyMesh->SetupAttachment(MyScene);
	MyParticle->SetupAttachment(MyScene);
	MyBox->SetupAttachment(MyScene);
	MyAudio->SetupAttachment(MyBox);
}

静态加载类，要加   “_C”

camera

UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere,BlueprintReadOnly,Category="MySceneComponent")
	USceneComponent* MyRoot;
UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere,BlueprintReadOnly,Category="MySceneComponent")
	USpringArmComponent* MySpringArm;
UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere, BlueprintReadOnly, Category = "MySceneComponent")
	UCameraComponent* MyCamera;
 	// Set this pawn to call Tick() every frame.  You can turn this off to improve performance if you don't need it.
	PrimaryActorTick.bCanEverTick = true;
	MyRoot = CreateDefaultSubobject<USceneComponent>(TEXT("MyRoot"));
	MySpringArm = CreateDefaultSubobject<USpringArmComponent>(TEXT("MySpringArm"));
	MyCamera = CreateDefaultSubobject<UCameraComponent>(TEXT("MyCamera"));
	RootComponent = MyRoot;
	MySpringArm->SetupAttachment(MyRoot);
	MyCamera->SetupAttachment(MySpringArm);
	MySpringArm->bDoCollisionTest = false;

绑定滚轮控制摇臂移动

#include "CoreMinimal.h"
#include "GameFramework/PlayerController.h"
#include "SPlayerController.generated.h"

/**
 * 
 */
UCLASS()
class CPDD1_API ASPlayerController : public APlayerController
{
	GENERATED_BODY()
public:
	virtual void SetupInputComponent();
	void WheelUpFunction();
	void WheelDownFunction();
};

 绑定键在UE5输入中设置

因为这里的Pawn和Controller都设置为当前gamemode的角色，所有getPawn会锁到当前操控者的Pawn。

#include "SPlayerController.h"
#include "MyPawn.h"

void ASPlayerController::SetupInputComponent()
{
	Super::SetupInputComponent();
	InputComponent->BindAction("WheelUp", IE_Pressed, this, &ASPlayerController::WheelUpFunction);
	InputComponent->BindAction("WheelDown", IE_Pressed, this, &ASPlayerController::WheelDownFunction);
}

void ASPlayerController::WheelUpFunction()
{
	if (GetPawn()) {
		AMyPawn* pawn1= Cast<AMyPawn>(GetPawn());
		pawn1->Zoom(1,1);
	}
}

void ASPlayerController::WheelDownFunction()
{
	if (GetPawn()) {
		AMyPawn* pawn1 = Cast<AMyPawn>(GetPawn());
		pawn1->Zoom(-1, 1);
	}
}
void AMyPawn::Zoom(float Direction, float Speed)
{
	float temp = MySpringArm->TargetArmLength - Direction * Speed * 10;
	if (temp > 2000.f || temp < 500.f)
		MySpringArm->TargetArmLength = temp;
}

碰撞绑定

	UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere,BlueprintReadWrite,Category="MySceneComponent")
		class UBoxComponent* MyBox;
	MyBox->OnComponentBeginOverlap.AddDynamic(this, &AMyActor::BeginOverlapFunction);
	MyBox->OnComponentEndOverlap.AddDynamic(this, &AMyActor::EndOverlapFunction);
	MyBox->OnComponentHit.AddDynamic(this, &AMyActor::OnComponentHitFunction);

绑定函数的参数从何而来？

 

-转到定义

再转到定义

找到同义的参数，看数字，如果是six，就把该函数后6位复制过来，绑定函数的参数括号内，去掉定义类型和变量名之间的逗号即可。

	UFUNCTION()
		void BeginOverlapFunction(UPrimitiveComponent* OverlappedComponent, AActor* OtherActor, UPrimitiveComponent* OtherComp, int32 OtherBodyIndex, bool bFromSweep, const FHitResult& SweepResult);
	UFUNCTION()
		void EndOverlapFunction(UPrimitiveComponent* OverlappedComponent, AActor* OtherActor, UPrimitiveComponent* OtherComp, int32 OtherBodyIndex);
	UFUNCTION()
		void OnComponentHitFunction(UPrimitiveComponent* HitComponent, AActor* OtherActor, UPrimitiveComponent* OtherComp, FVector NormalImpulse, const FHitResult& Hit);

角色碰撞设定 

	//碰撞设置
	MyBox->SetCollisionEnabled(ECollisionEnabled::NoCollision);
	MyBox->SetCollisionEnabled(ECollisionEnabled::QueryOnly);
	MyBox->SetCollisionEnabled(ECollisionEnabled::PhysicsOnly);
	MyBox->SetCollisionEnabled(ECollisionEnabled::QueryAndPhysics);
	MyBox->SetCollisionEnabled(ECollisionEnabled::ProbeOnly);
	MyBox->SetCollisionEnabled(ECollisionEnabled::QueryAndProbe);

	//碰撞对象类型
	MyBox->SetCollisionObjectType(ECC_WorldDynamic);
	MyBox->SetCollisionObjectType(ECC_WorldStatic);
	MyBox->SetCollisionObjectType(ECC_Pawn);
	MyBox->SetCollisionObjectType(ECC_PhysicsBody);
	MyBox->SetCollisionObjectType(ECC_Vehicle);
	MyBox->SetCollisionObjectType(ECC_Destructible);

	//碰撞响应
	MyBox->SetCollisionResponseToAllChannels(ECR_Block);
	MyBox->SetCollisionResponseToAllChannels(ECR_Overlap);
	MyBox->SetCollisionResponseToAllChannels(ECR_Ignore);
	MyBox->SetCollisionResponseToChannel(ECC_Pawn, ECR_Overlap);//pawn允许重叠
	MyBox->SetCollisionResponseToChannel(ECC_WorldStatic,ECR_Block);//世界静态阻挡
	MyBox->SetCollisionResponseToChannel(ECC_WorldDynamic,ECR_Ignore);//世界动态忽略

    MyBox->SetBoxExtent(FVector(64, 64, 64));

按钮

绑定事件绑定函数时不用加括号

// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.

#pragma once

#include "CoreMinimal.h"
#include "Components/Button.h"
#include "Blueprint/UserWidget.h"
#include "MyUserWidget.generated.h"

UCLASS()
class CPDD1_API UMyUserWidget : public UUserWidget
{
	GENERATED_BODY()
public:
	UPROPERTY(meta=(BindWidget))//UI控件创建的按钮名称和声明名称相同
		UButton *ButtonStart;
	UPROPERTY(meta=(BindWidget))
		UButton* ButtonQuit;
	UFUNCTION()
		void Start();
	UFUNCTION()
		void Quit();
	virtual bool Initialize()override;//重写组件初始化函数

	UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere,BlueprintReadWrite,Category="MyHealth")
		float CurrentHealth=100.f;
	UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere,BlueprintReadWrite,Category="MyHealth")
		float MaxHealth = 100.f;
	UFUNCTION()
		void UpdateHealth();
};

#include "MyUserWidget.h"

bool UMyUserWidget::Initialize()
{
	if(!Super::Initialize())
		return false;
	ButtonStart->OnClicked.AddDynamic(this, &UMyUserWidget::Start);
	ButtonQuit->OnClicked.AddDynamic(this,&UMyUserWidget::Quit);
	return true;
}

void UMyUserWidget::UpdateHealth()
{
	if (CurrentHealth <= 0) {
		GEngine->AddOnScreenDebugMessage(-1, 5.0f, FColor::Red, TEXT("Death"));
	}
	else {
		CurrentHealth -= 30;
	}
}

void UMyUserWidget::Start()
{
	GEngine->AddOnScreenDebugMessage(-1, 5.0f, FColor::Red, TEXT("Start"));
	UpdateHealth();
}

void UMyUserWidget::Quit()
{
	GEngine->AddOnScreenDebugMessage(-1, 5.0f, FColor::Red, TEXT("Quit"));
}

UI显示 

在游戏模式的控制器脚本的开始运行函数中，

根据资源路径加载类，并创建该类的实例作为“提升为变量”的接盘。

void ASPlayerController::BeginPlay()
{
	Super::BeginPlay();
	UClass* widgetClass = LoadClass<UMyUserWidget>(NULL, TEXT("/Script/UMGEditor.WidgetBlueprint'/Game/HbtScripts/MyUserWidget233.MyUserWidget233_C'"));
	UMyUserWidget* MyWidget = nullptr;
	MyWidget = CreateWidget<UMyUserWidget>(GetWorld(), widgetClass);
	MyWidget->AddToViewport();
}

单播代理

// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.

#pragma once

#include "CoreMinimal.h"
#include "GameFramework/Actor.h"
#include "MyDelegateActor.generated.h"

DECLARE_DELEGATE(NoParamDelegate);//1.声明代理类型
DECLARE_DELEGATE_OneParam(OneParamDelegate,FString);
DECLARE_DELEGATE_TwoParams(TwoParamDelegate, FString, int32);
DECLARE_DELEGATE_ThreeParams(ThreeParamDelegate, FString, int32, float);
DECLARE_DELEGATE_RetVal(FString, RetvalDelegate);

UCLASS()
class CPDD1_API AMyDelegateActor : public AActor
{
	GENERATED_BODY()
	
public:	
	// Sets default values for this actor's properties
	AMyDelegateActor();

protected:
	// Called when the game starts or when spawned
	virtual void BeginPlay() override;

public:	
	// Called every frame
	virtual void Tick(float DeltaTime) override;

	//2.声明代理名称
	NoParamDelegate NoParamDelegate;
	OneParamDelegate OneParamDelegate;
	TwoParamDelegate TwoParamDelegate;
	ThreeParamDelegate ThreeParamDelegate;
	RetvalDelegate RetvalDelegate;

	//声明代理函数
	void NoParamFunction();
	void OneParamFunction(FString str);
	void TwoParamFunction(FString str,int32 value);
	void ThreeParamFunction(FString str,int32 value,float balue1);
	FString RetvalFunction();

};

// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.


#include "MyDelegateActor.h"

// Sets default values
AMyDelegateActor::AMyDelegateActor()
{
 	// Set this actor to call Tick() every frame.  You can turn this off to improve performance if you don't need it.
	PrimaryActorTick.bCanEverTick = true;
	//3.绑定代理方法
	NoParamDelegate.BindUObject(this, &AMyDelegateActor::NoParamFunction);
	OneParamDelegate.BindUObject(this, &AMyDelegateActor::OneParamFunction);
	TwoParamDelegate.BindUObject(this, &AMyDelegateActor::TwoParamFunction);
	ThreeParamDelegate.BindUObject(this, &AMyDelegateActor::ThreeParamFunction);
	RetvalDelegate.BindUObject(this, &AMyDelegateActor::RetvalFunction);


}

// Called when the game starts or when spawned
void AMyDelegateActor::BeginPlay()
{
	Super::BeginPlay();
	//4.调用代理
	NoParamDelegate.ExecuteIfBound();
	OneParamDelegate.ExecuteIfBound("OneParamDelegate");
	TwoParamDelegate.ExecuteIfBound("TwoParamDelegate",648);
	ThreeParamDelegate.ExecuteIfBound("ThreeParamDelegate",648,3.6f);
	FString strvalue= RetvalDelegate.Execute();
}

// Called every frame
void AMyDelegateActor::Tick(float DeltaTime)
{
	Super::Tick(DeltaTime);

}

void AMyDelegateActor::NoParamFunction()
{
	GEngine->AddOnScreenDebugMessage(-1,5.0f,FColor::Blue,TEXT("NoParamDelegate"));
}

void AMyDelegateActor::OneParamFunction(FString str)
{
	GEngine->AddOnScreenDebugMessage(-1, 5.0f, FColor::Blue, FString::Printf(TEXT("%s"),*str));
}

void AMyDelegateActor::TwoParamFunction(FString str, int32 value)
{
	GEngine->AddOnScreenDebugMessage(-1, 5.0f, FColor::Blue, FString::Printf(TEXT("%s,%d"), *str,value));
}

void AMyDelegateActor::ThreeParamFunction(FString str, int32 value, float value1)
{

	GEngine->AddOnScreenDebugMessage(-1, 5.0f, FColor::Blue, FString::Printf(TEXT("%s,%d,%f"), *str, value, value1));
}

FString AMyDelegateActor::RetvalFunction()
{
	FString str = FString::Printf(TEXT("RetvalFunction"));
	return str;
}

多播和动态多播

声明类型


DECLARE_MULTICAST_DELEGATE_OneParam(OneParamMultiDelegate, FString);
DECLARE_DYNAMIC_MULTICAST_DELEGATE_OneParam(FDynamicMutilDelegate,FString,param);

声明名称

	//多播代理
	OneParamMultiDelegate OneParamMultiDelegate;
	//动态多播
	UPROPERTY(BlueprintAssignable)
	FDynamicMutilDelegate FDynamicMutilDelegate;

 绑定方法

	//多播代理绑定
	OneParamMultiDelegate.AddUObject(this, &AMyDelegateActor::MultiDelegateFunction1);

执行（参数根据自己定义的类型） 

	//执行多播代理
	OneParamMultiDelegate.Broadcast("OneParamMultiDelegate");
	//执行动态多播代理
	FDynamicMutilDelegate.Broadcast("FDynamicMutilDelegate");

多播代理能同时调用多个函数，区别是动态多播能暴露给蓝图。

多播在脚本中写好绑定的多播函数。

动态多播在此基础上，能在蓝图上额外绑定事件，不止函数。

写一个接口

用I开头那个

声明要重写函数时，有{}

// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.

#pragma once

#include "CoreMinimal.h"
#include "UObject/Interface.h"
#include "TestInterface.generated.h"

// This class does not need to be modified.
UINTERFACE(MinimalAPI)
class UTestInterface : public UInterface
{
	GENERATED_BODY()
};

/**
 * 
 */
class CPDD1_API ITestInterface
{
	GENERATED_BODY()

	// Add interface functions to this class. This is the class that will be inherited to implement this interface.
public:
	virtual void Attack() {};
	virtual void CaclulateHealth() {};
};

 调用，接屁股+头文件

重写

	virtual void Attack() override;
	virtual void CaclulateHealth() override;

 然后再cpp编写即可。

其他

在使用打印语句时报错什么断点问题点，尝试在打印语句上加UFUNCTION

GEngine->AddOnScreenDebugMessage(-1, 5.0f, FColor::Red, TEXT("Death"));

变量要编辑，组件要可视，然后均为蓝图读写

 NewObject 和 CreateDefaultSubobject区别

NewObject 和 CreateDefaultSubobject 是 Unreal Engine 中用于创建对象的两种不同方式，它们有以下区别：

  1. 对象类型：NewObject 可以用于创建任何类型的对象，包括 UObject、AActor、APawn 等。而 CreateDefaultSubobject 仅适用于在一个类的构造函数或初始化过程中创建默认的子对象。

  2. 对象生命周期：使用 NewObject 创建的对象是动态分配的，并由开发人员负责管理其生命周期。而使用 CreateDefaultSubobject 创建的对象是由 Unreal Engine 的对象系统自动管理的，它们的生命周期与宿主对象的生命周期相同。

  3. 对象属性：CreateDefaultSubobject 创建的对象会自动继承宿主对象的属性设置，例如编辑器中设置的默认值、蓝图可编辑性等。而使用 NewObject 创建的对象需要手动设置属性。

  4. 宿主对象关系：CreateDefaultSubobject 创建的子对象与宿主对象之间建立了父子关系，这意味着子对象的生命周期与宿主对象紧密相关，并且在宿主对象销毁时，子对象也会被销毁。而 NewObject 创建的对象没有默认的宿主对象关系。

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