分金条的最小花费

哈夫曼树的用途十分广泛，典型的一道面试题“分金条的最小花费”就是哈夫曼编码的变型，详情可以参看《程序员代码面试指南》P421。

package com.gxu.dawnlab_algorithm7;

import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.PriorityQueue;

/**
 * 分金条的最小花费
 * @author junbin
 *
 * 2019年7月11日
 */
public class Less_Money {
	public static int lessMoney(int[] arr) {
		PriorityQueue<Integer> pQ = new PriorityQueue<>(); //优先级队列就是堆结构，而且默认是小根堆结构
		for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
			pQ.add(arr[i]);
		}
		int sum = 0;
		int cur = 0;
		while (pQ.size() > 1) {
			cur = pQ.poll() + pQ.poll();
			sum += cur;
			pQ.add(cur);
		}
		return sum;
	}

	public static class MinheapComparator implements Comparator<Integer> {

		@Override
		public int compare(Integer o1, Integer o2) {
			return o1 - o2; // < 0  o1 < o2  负数
		}

	}

	public static class MaxheapComparator implements Comparator<Integer> {

		@Override
		public int compare(Integer o1, Integer o2) {
			return o2 - o1; // <   o2 < o1
		}

	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// solution
		int[] arr = { 6, 7, 8, 9 };
		System.out.println(lessMoney(arr));

		int[] arrForHeap = { 3, 5, 2, 7, 0, 1, 6, 4 };

		// min heap
		PriorityQueue<Integer> minQ1 = new PriorityQueue<>();
		for (int i = 0; i < arrForHeap.length; i++) {
			minQ1.add(arrForHeap[i]);
		}
		while (!minQ1.isEmpty()) {
			System.out.print(minQ1.poll() + " ");
		}
		System.out.println();

		// min heap use Comparator
		PriorityQueue<Integer> minQ2 = new PriorityQueue<>(new MinheapComparator());
		for (int i = 0; i < arrForHeap.length; i++) {
			minQ2.add(arrForHeap[i]);
		}
		while (!minQ2.isEmpty()) {
			System.out.print(minQ2.poll() + " ");
		}
		System.out.println();

		// max heap use Comparator
		PriorityQueue<Integer> maxQ = new PriorityQueue<>(new MaxheapComparator());
		for (int i = 0; i < arrForHeap.length; i++) {
			maxQ.add(arrForHeap[i]);
		}
		while (!maxQ.isEmpty()) {
			System.out.print(maxQ.poll() + " ");
		}

	}

}